[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-004":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":62},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-113-2-內外科護理學-004","nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-004",113,2,4,"當顱內出血病人發生顱內壓升高時，顱內開始代償顱內壓的機制，下列敘述何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"減少腦部氧氣需求量","增加腦脊髓液的吸收","減少腦內靜脈血液回流","腦組織移位到枕骨大孔","B",null,[],"本題考點在於顱內壓升高時,依 Monro-Kellie 學說的顱內代償機制。顱腔為固定容積,由腦組織、血液與腦脊髓液(CSF)三者構成;當顱內壓開始上升時,最先啟動的代償是將 CSF 移出至脊髓腔並增加其吸收,以騰出空間、緩衝壓力,B 正確。A 減少腦部氧氣需求並非顱內壓的容積代償機制;C 減少腦內靜脈血液回流反而會使顱內血量與壓力上升,是惡化而非代償;D 腦組織移位至枕骨大孔是代償失敗後的腦疝脫(herniation),屬末期危象而非代償。故正解為 B。","Monro-Kellie 學說:腦組織+血液+CSF 總容積恆定,任一增加須以另一項減少來代償。代償順序通常為先移出 CSF(移至脊髓腔、增加吸收)、再減少腦血量,容積代償空間耗盡後顱內壓陡升,終致腦疝脫。故 CSF 的緩衝是最早且最主要的代償途徑,而靜脈鬱積與腦疝脫都是惡化方向。",[24,27,30,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"顱內壓升高",11,{"term":28,"count":29},"Monro-Kellie 學說",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"腦脊髓液代償",{"term":33,"count":29},"腦疝脫",[35,39,43,47,52,57],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-005","20 歲男性，清晨騎乘重機外出不小心與大卡車擦撞滑倒顳側先著地，送醫時 GCS E4V5M6，為安全起見留院觀察，2 小時後病人突然喪失意識，診斷為硬膜上出血，下列敘述何者錯誤？",5,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":29,"year":42,"session":29},"nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-001","有關巴金森氏症病人服用抗膽鹼激性製劑trihexyphenudyl（Artane ®）之敘述，下列何者正確？",114,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":10},"nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-045","有關糖尿病足部之身體評估可能結果，下列何者錯誤？",45,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":29},"nurse-106-1-medical-surgical-043","有關三度燒傷傷口的處置，下列何者錯誤？",43,106,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-007","有關阿茲海默氏症病人的臨床表徵，下列何者正確？①短期記憶缺失 ②長期記憶缺失 ③易怒 ④失去定向力",7,107,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-041","有關燒傷病人給與靜脈滴注「H 2 受體阻斷劑」類藥物（如 tagamet）之目的，下列何者正確？",41,108,"2026-09-04",1788510754880]