[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-042":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-113-2-基礎醫學-042","nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-042",113,2,42,"對抗病菌後死亡的嗜中性白血球（neutrophil），會由何種細胞清除，以維持組織恆定？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"巨噬細胞（macrophage）","肥大細胞（mast cell）","樹突細胞（dendritic cell）","漿細胞（plasma cell）","A",null,[],"本題考點在於發炎消退期對凋亡細胞的清除。依免疫學，對抗病菌後死亡（多為凋亡）的嗜中性白血球，由巨噬細胞（macrophage）以吞噬作用清除（efferocytosis），並轉為抗發炎表型以促進組織修復與恆定，故選 A。B 肥大細胞主司過敏與釋放組織胺、C 樹突細胞主司抗原呈現、D 漿細胞負責分泌抗體，皆非清除死亡嗜中性球的主要吞噬細胞。","發炎收尾機轉：嗜中性球是急性發炎首波、壽命短，完成殺菌後凋亡，巨噬細胞吞噬清除（efferocytosis）並釋放 TGF-β、IL-10 等抗發炎介質，切換至修復模式。若清除失敗，凋亡細胞續發壞死釋出內容物延長發炎，與慢性發炎與自體免疫相關。巨噬細胞可謂組織的清道夫兼修復調度者。",[25,27,30,32],{"term":26,"count":11},"巨噬細胞吞噬作用",{"term":28,"count":29},"嗜中性白血球凋亡",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"efferocytosis 清除",{"term":33,"count":29},"發炎消退與組織恆定",[35,39,44,49,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-043","下列何種細胞具有抑制 CD4 與 CD8 T 細胞活性的功能？",43,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":29},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-039","下列有關doxorubicin的描述，何者錯誤？",39,114,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":48},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-033","嗎啡（morphine）的止痛作用主要是活化下列何種受體而產生？",33,3,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":29,"year":52,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-001","皮膚上所見到的雞皮疙瘩現象，與下列何者較無關係？",106,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":11},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-045","有關 Wilms’腫瘤（Wilms’ Tumor）之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",45,107,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-079","下列何種真菌感染，不建議以氟康唑（fluconazole）來治療？",79,108,"2026-09-04",1788510754257]