[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-035":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-113-2-基礎醫學-035","nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-035",113,2,35,"下列利尿劑中，何者排尿效果最顯著，除了可以改善水腫，亦可用於治療高血鈣症（hypercalcemia）？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"chlorothiazide","furosemide","eplerenone","acetazolamide","B",null,[],"本題考點在於利尿劑的強度與對血鈣的影響。依腎藥理學，furosemide 屬亨利氏管上行枝作用的環利尿劑（loop diuretic），抑制 Na-K-2Cl 共同運輸體，利尿效果最強，且會增加鈣的排出，故可用於治療高血鈣症，選 B。A chlorothiazide 為噻嗪類，反而「減少」鈣排出而致高血鈣。C eplerenone 為保鉀的醛固酮拮抗劑、D acetazolamide 為碳酸酐酶抑制劑，利尿力皆較弱。","鈣的方向是關鍵對比：環利尿劑「排鈣」（治高血鈣），噻嗪「保鈣」（治腎結石高尿鈣、但恐致高血鈣）。利尿強度排序大致：loop＞thiazide＞保鉀\u002F碳酸酐酶抑制劑。furosemide 副作用要防低血鉀、低血鈉、耳毒性與脫水。高血鈣急性處理先補充生理食鹽水再加環利尿劑促鈣排除。",[25,27,30,32],{"term":26,"count":11},"Na-K-2Cl 共同運輸體",{"term":28,"count":29},"furosemide 環利尿劑",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"排鈣治高血鈣",{"term":33,"count":29},"噻嗪保鈣對比",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-036","Clopidogrel 抑制血小板凝集的作用機制為何？",36,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":29},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-032","下列藥物中，何者對於改善酒精成癮治療沒有幫助？",32,114,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":48},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-026","家族腺瘤性瘜肉症（familial adenomatous polyposis）主要是因為那個基因產生突變所造成？",26,3,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":29},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-074","病毒的構造是決定其是否能抵抗消毒劑的原因之一，下列何種病毒因不具套膜可以抵抗乙醚的破壞？",74,106,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-038","急性酒精中毒最主要影響人體的何部位？",38,107,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-072","下列對病毒的敘述何者錯誤？",72,108,"2026-09-04",1788510754196]