[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-018":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-113-2-基礎醫學-018","nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-018",113,2,18,"抗利尿激素（antidiuretic hormone）最能增加下列何處對水分的再吸收（reabsorption）？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"近曲小管（proximal convoluted tubule）","亨利氏管上行枝（ascending limb of loop of Henle）","亨利氏管下行枝（descending limb of loop of Henle）","集尿管（collecting tubule）","D",null,[],"本題考點在於抗利尿激素（ADH／vasopressin）作用於腎小管的位置。依 ADH 作用機轉，它與集尿管（collecting tubule\u002Fduct）主細胞上的 V2 受體結合，促使水通道蛋白 aquaporin-2 插入管腔膜，大幅增加水的再吸收，使尿液濃縮，故選 D。A 錯：近曲小管的水再吸收是隨鈉、葡萄糖等溶質被動進行，不受 ADH 直接調控。B 錯：亨利氏管上行枝對水不通透，主要再吸收鈉鉀氯。C 錯：亨利氏管下行枝雖對水高度通透，但屬滲透梯度被動再吸收，並非 ADH 的主要作用點。","記憶要點：ADH 的靶點是集尿管，關鍵字是 aquaporin-2。腎髓質高滲梯度由亨利氏管與尿素循環建立，ADH 只是「開水閘」讓水順梯度回收。臨床連結：尿崩症（ADH 不足或腎不反應）尿多而稀；SIADH 則水滯留、低血鈉。此為標準腎生理，無爭議。",[25,28,30,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"尿液濃縮",3,{"term":29,"count":11},"集尿管",{"term":31,"count":32},"抗利尿激素 ADH",1,{"term":34,"count":32},"aquaporin-2 水通道",[36,40,45,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-019","平靜呼氣中止後，正常吸入一口空氣到肺臟，此吸入的氣體體積稱為：",19,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":32},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-015","下列何者不是輸尿管（ureter）管腔較為狹窄的位置？",15,114,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":27},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-009","下列那個器官同時接受腸繫膜上動脈與腸繫膜下動脈的血液供應？",9,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":32},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-057","下列有關新型抗凝血藥物 Argatroban 的敘述，何者正確？",57,106,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-021","下列何種症狀，主要肇因於黑質（substantia nigra）神經元退化？",21,107,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-055","下列何種藥物無法幫助戒除酒癮？",55,108,"2026-09-04",1788510754023]