[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-012":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-113-2-基礎醫學-012","nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-012",113,2,12,"活化副交感神經（parasympathetic nervous system），將會降低心跳速率，此作用主要媒介的受體為：",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"adrenergic α1 receptor","adrenergic β1 receptor","nicotinic acetylcholine receptor","muscarinic acetylcholine receptor","D",null,[],"本題考點在於副交感神經降低心跳速率所媒介的受體類型。副交感(迷走)神經節後纖維釋放乙醯膽鹼,作用於竇房結細胞上的蕈毒鹼型乙醯膽鹼受體(muscarinic acetylcholine receptor,主要為 M2),使鉀離子外流、細胞過極化並減緩去極化速率,故心跳變慢,選 D。A、B 為腎上腺素受體,屬交感神經作用會加速或收縮血管;C 尼古丁型受體位於自主神經節與神經肌肉接合處,負責節間傳遞而非直接調控竇房結速率。","自主神經對心臟:交感經 β1 受體加速心率與收縮力;副交感經 M2 受體(Gi 蛋白)抑制腺苷酸環化酶、開啟 GIRK 鉀通道使竇房結過極化而減速。臨床上 atropine(蕈毒鹼拮抗劑)可阻斷迷走作用治療心搏過緩,即本機轉的應用。",[25,28,30,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"副交感神經",5,{"term":29,"count":11},"竇房結",{"term":31,"count":32},"蕈毒鹼型受體",1,{"term":34,"count":32},"心率調控",[36,40,45,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-013","耳石復位術（epley maneuver）經由改變頭部動作的方向，可以緩解良性陣發性姿勢暈眩（benign paroxysmal positional vertigo），此動作主要是恢復下列何者功能？",13,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":32},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-009","肺氣腫（emphysema）患者因肺泡壁遭到破壞而容易出現下列那一種變化？",9,114,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":48},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-003","以形狀分類，髕骨（patella）屬於下列何種骨頭？",3,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":32},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-051","下列何種膽鹼性致效劑（cholinergic agonists），較適用於治療青光眼？",51,106,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-015","下列何者參與形成血腦障壁？",15,107,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-049","下列何種藥物最常用來治療良性前列腺肥大症（benign prostatic hyperplasia）？",49,108,"2026-09-04",1788510753959]