[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-1-psychiatric-community-028":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":32,"lastmod":63},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-113-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-028","nurse-113-1-psychiatric-community-028",113,1,28,"有關疾病發生率的敘述，下列何者最適當？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"通常以比例（ratio）方式呈現","指某一時間內，族群中現存的病例數","可推算罹病的可能性或致病因子","最適合用來規劃長期醫療設備、人力配置的參考","C",null,[],"本題考點在於流行病學中發生率(incidence rate)的定義與用途。依流行病學指標定義,發生率=某期間內「新發生」病例數除以該期間有罹病風險的人口數,反映疾病發生的速度與危險性,因此可用來推算罹病的可能性(風險)並探討致病因子,故 C 正確。A 錯誤,發生率是以「率(rate)」呈現,分子包含於分母的暴險人口中,並非分子分母互不隸屬的比(ratio);B 錯誤,「某一時間點族群中現存病例數」是盛行率(prevalence)的定義,盛行率算的是新舊病例合計的現況;D 錯誤,規劃長期醫療設備、人力配置需要知道「現存有多少病人需要服務」,適用的是盛行率而非發生率。","發生率 vs 盛行率對照:發生率=新病例\u002F暴險人口·時間,反映「得病風險」,用於病因研究、評估預防措施成效;盛行率=現存病例(新+舊)\u002F總人口,反映「疾病負荷」,用於醫療資源、人力、長照床位規劃。兩者關係:盛行率 ≈ 發生率 × 平均病程(P = I × D),故慢性病(病程長)盛行率高、急性短病程疾病兩者接近。累積發生率(cumulative incidence)即罹病機率(risk),可直接解讀為「一段期間內得病的可能性」。指標型式考點:率(rate)含時間概念、分子屬於分母;比(ratio)如性比例,分子分母互不隸屬;比率(proportion)分子屬於分母但無時間,如盛行率嚴格說是 proportion。",[24,26,28,30],{"term":25,"count":10},"發生率定義",{"term":27,"count":10},"盛行率定義",{"term":29,"count":10},"P=I×D 關係式",{"term":31,"count":10},"率、比、比率之區別",[33,37,42,48,53,58],{"webId":34,"stem":35,"number":36,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-113-1-psychiatric-community-029","欲探討婦女懷孕期間使用藥物和胎兒畸型的因果關係，下列何種研究方法最合適？",29,{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":41},"nurse-113-3-psychiatric-community-025","以心理健康促進三級預防概念，屬初級預防敘述下列何者正確？①於社區進行心理衛生問題評估篩檢 ② 提供張老師資源，以增加個人調適能力 ③舉辦健康講座，促進心理健康 ④輔導職能復健，增進其功能",25,3,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":47},"nurse-114-2-psychiatric-community-019","有關老年憂鬱症的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",19,114,2,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":10},"nurse-106-1-psychiatric-community-017","入院後，丁小姐顯得注意力分散、忙碌、話多、活動量大、進食量少，護理師最優先考慮的護理目標為何？",17,106,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":10},"nurse-107-1-psychiatric-community-061","依據 Anderson 和 McFarlane（2008）社區為夥伴之評估模式，社區的「健康及社會服務次系統」應包括那些資料？①社區居民的疾病種類與罹病率 ②社區醫療資源的可近性與可用性 ③醫療與社會福利機構的分布與類型 ④社區居民使用醫療的滿意度 ⑤居民的家庭收入與社經狀態 ⑥居民的貧戶比率",61,107,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":10},"nurse-109-1-psychiatric-community-015","護理師在照顧精神病人時，應有正確認識，下列何者最為適當？",15,109,"2026-09-04",1788510751292]