[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-012":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":36,"lastmod":65},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-113-1-內外科護理學-012","nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-012",113,1,12,"有關關節炎的敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"骨性關節炎典型的疼痛在活動後加劇，休息後緩減","類風濕性關節炎晨間關節僵硬會在不活動後又出現","骨性關節炎是慢性、全身性、炎症性關節病變","骨性關節炎最先侵犯周邊小關節，包括指、腕、肘、踝、趾","A",null,[],"本題考點在於骨性關節炎(OA)與類風濕性關節炎(RA)的鑑別。正確為 A「骨性關節炎典型疼痛在活動後加劇、休息後緩減」——OA 為退化性、機械磨損性病變,關節愈用愈痛、休息可緩解,故 A 正確。B 錯,類風濕性關節炎的晨僵是「休息(不活動)後」出現且持續較久(常大於 30–60 分鐘),活動後反而改善,敘述反了。C 錯,慢性、全身性、對稱性炎症病變是「類風濕性關節炎」的特徵,OA 屬局部退化性、非全身炎症。D 錯,最先侵犯周邊對稱小關節(指、腕等)是 RA 的特徵,OA 多侵犯負重大關節與遠端指間關節。因此選 A。","OA vs RA 鑑別重點:OA(退化性)——年長、負重關節(膝、髖)與 DIP 遠端指間關節、不對稱、晨僵短(\u003C30 分)、活動後痛休息緩、無全身症狀,X 光見骨刺與關節間隙變窄,DIP 出現 Heberden 結節。RA(自體免疫)——好發中年女性、對稱侵犯小關節(MCP、PIP、腕)、晨僵久(>1 小時)、休息後僵活動後緩、伴全身症狀(疲倦、發燒)、RF 與 anti-CCP 陽性。口訣:OA=「用則痛、退化、負重關節」;RA=「晨僵久、對稱、全身炎症」。本題把兩者特徵互換設陷阱,唯 A 敘述與 OA 病理相符。",[24,27,30,32,34],{"term":25,"count":26},"類風濕性關節炎",10,{"term":28,"count":29},"骨性關節炎",5,{"term":31,"count":10},"活動後加劇休息緩解",{"term":33,"count":10},"晨間僵硬鑑別",{"term":35,"count":10},"退化性vs全身炎症",[37,41,46,51,55,60],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-013","有關下背痛病人使用骨盆牽引治療之敘述，下列何者正確？",13,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":9,"session":45},"nurse-113-3-medical-surgical-009","有關副甲狀腺功能亢進之敘述，下列何者正確？",9,3,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":45,"year":49,"session":50},"nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-003","下列何者不是肝硬化病人發生肝性腦病變的主要誘發因子？",114,2,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":10,"year":54,"session":10},"nurse-106-1-medical-surgical-001","有關巴金森氏病治療之敘述，下列何者正確？",106,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":10},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-045","有關燒傷病人植皮前後之護理措施，下列何者錯誤？",45,107,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":10},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-079","有關登革熱之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",79,108,"2026-09-04",1788510750327]