[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-009":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":32,"lastmod":63},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-113-1-內外科護理學-009","nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-009",113,1,9,"有關膽道疾病的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"膽囊炎大部分是結石造成","膽道結石男性比女性發生機率高","可用meperidine HCL（Demerol®）肌肉注射止痛","急性膽囊炎病人會出現右上腹部疼痛","B",null,[],"本題考點在於膽道疾病的臨床特性,為反向題(問何者「錯誤」)。錯誤敘述為 B「膽道結石男性比女性發生機率高」——膽結石好發於女性,經典危險因子為「4F」(Female 女性、Forty 四十歲、Fat 肥胖、Fertile 多產),女性發生率高於男性,故 B 方向相反而為答案。A 膽囊炎大多由膽結石阻塞膽囊管引起,正確;C 可用 meperidine(Demerol)止痛(過去認為 morphine 易致 Oddi 括約肌痙攣故偏好 meperidine),正確;D 急性膽囊炎典型表現為右上腹疼痛(可放射至右肩),正確。因此選 B。","膽結石危險因子口訣「4F\u002F5F」:Female、Forty、Fat、Fertile(多次懷孕),再加 Fair(白人)。女性因雌激素增加膽固醇分泌、黃體素降低膽囊收縮,故發生率明顯高於男性。急性膽囊炎的 Murphy's sign(深吸氣時右上腹觸診疼痛而暫停呼吸)為典型理學徵象,疼痛可轉移至右肩胛。止痛歷來偏好 meperidine 而非嗎啡的觀念雖近年有討論,但國考仍常沿用此傳統敘述。辨題:凡稱膽結石「男多於女」皆錯。",[24,26,28,30],{"term":25,"count":10},"膽道結石",{"term":27,"count":10},"4F危險因子女性好發",{"term":29,"count":10},"急性膽囊炎右上腹痛",{"term":31,"count":10},"meperidine止痛",[33,37,42,47,53,58],{"webId":34,"stem":35,"number":36,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-010","有關預防傾倒症候群（dumping syndrome）的飲食建議，下列何者不適宜？",10,{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":41},"nurse-113-3-medical-surgical-006","有關維持口腔黏膜完整性的原則，下列敘述何者錯誤？",6,3,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":10},"nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-050","有關登革熱的敘述，下列何者正確？",50,114,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":52},"nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-048","有關中毒症狀與處置之敘述，下列何者正確？",48,115,2,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":10},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-042","有關輸注血小板的注意事項，下列敘述何者錯誤？",42,107,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":10},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-076","依據吳先生的症狀與徵象估計其失血量，下列何者正確？",76,108,"2026-09-04",1788510750299]