[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-007":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":32,"lastmod":63},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-113-1-內外科護理學-007","nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-007",113,1,7,"承上題，關於陳先生的護理措施，下列何者正確？①限制水分與蛋白質的攝取 ②每天測量體重與腹圍，記錄輸出入量 ③給與利尿劑後，儘快補充Albumin ④使用Lactulose以減少細菌分解蛋白質所產生大量氨",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"①②","①④","②③","③④","A",null,[],"本題考點是肝硬化併腹水的護理措施(承上題情境),問正確者。①限制水分與蛋白質——腹水須限鈉限水,並適度限蛋白以減少含氮廢物(氨)生成,正確。②每天測體重、腹圍與記錄輸出入量,是評估腹水消長與體液平衡的客觀指標,正確。③『給利尿劑後儘快補充Albumin』——白蛋白應於利尿或放腹水時提高血漿膠體滲透壓把組織液拉回血管,此敘述的因果時機不符,判為不正確。④Lactulose降血氨的機轉是酸化腸道使氨轉為銨離子並促排便,並非『減少細菌分解蛋白質產氨』,機轉敘述不精確。故正確為①②,選A。","因承上題題幹未在本批呈現,故就答案組合說明並將把握度標中等。腹水處置主軸:限鈉(每日約2 g)、限水、監測體重腹圍與I\u002FO、必要時利尿劑(spironolactone優先,對抗續發性醛固酮增多)並搭配白蛋白維持膠體滲透壓。Lactulose的正確機轉要記牢:它是不被吸收的雙醣,經腸道細菌發酵產酸→腸腔酸化→NH3(可吸收)轉為NH4+(不可吸收)→隨糞便排出,同時導瀉縮短腸道停留,用於肝性腦病變。選項④把機轉寫成『減少細菌分解蛋白質』是常見誤述,這正是本題的辨析點。",[24,26,28,30],{"term":25,"count":10},"肝硬化腹水護理",{"term":27,"count":10},"限鈉限水與蛋白質",{"term":29,"count":10},"白蛋白膠體滲透壓",{"term":31,"count":10},"Lactulose降血氨機轉",[33,37,42,47,53,58],{"webId":34,"stem":35,"number":36,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-008","有關不同部位腸造瘻特性之敘述，下列何者正確？",8,{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":41},"nurse-113-3-medical-surgical-004","有關癲癇病人的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",4,3,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":10},"nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-048","72歲男性，有心臟病病史，夏天逛露天賣場時不明原因昏倒，臉色潮紅，皮膚乾熱，呼吸24次／分，脈搏強而快，體溫41.5℃，下列何者為其最可能診斷？",48,114,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":52},"nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-046","有關第 1 型與第 2 型糖尿病比較之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",46,115,2,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":10},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-040","化學治療經常是利用癌細胞不易進入細胞週期中的那一時期，以達到毒殺癌細胞的目的？",40,107,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":10},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-074","有關抗利尿素分泌不當症候群（SIADH）病人的護理措施，下列何者錯誤？",74,108,"2026-09-04",1788510750287]