[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":61},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-004":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":30,"lastmod":60},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":11},"nurse-113-1-內外科護理學-004","nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-004",113,1,4,"有關阿茲海默氏症之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"是一慢性、進展性、退化性腦部疾病","可能病因為年紀、基因遺傳","典型的症狀為長期記憶喪失","腦部典型變化為神經纖維糾結與老年性斑塊","C",null,[],"本題考點在於阿茲海默氏症的臨床特徵,為反向題(問何者「錯誤」)。錯誤敘述為 C「典型症狀為長期記憶喪失」——阿茲海默症最早、最典型的是「近期(短期)記憶喪失」,長期記憶(久遠往事)相對保留較久,直到疾病晚期才受損,故 C 敘述方向相反而為答案。A 它是慢性、進展性、退化性的腦部疾病,正確;B 可能病因包含高齡與基因遺傳(如 APOE ε4、早發型基因突變),正確;D 腦部典型病理為神經纖維糾結與老年性(類澱粉)斑塊,正確。因此選 C。","阿茲海默氏症的病理標誌為細胞外β類澱粉蛋白沉積形成的老年斑塊(senile plaques)與細胞內 tau 蛋白過度磷酸化形成的神經纖維糾結(neurofibrillary tangles),伴隨乙醯膽鹼(ACh)神經元退化。記憶障礙遵循「先近後遠」規律:最先喪失近期記憶(剛發生的事、剛說過的話),遠期記憶(童年往事)保留較久,這與海馬迴最早受侵犯有關。臨床藥物如膽鹼酶抑制劑(donepezil)即針對 ACh 不足設計。辨題重點:阿茲海默=近期記憶先壞,任何說「長期記憶先喪失」都是錯的。",[24,26,28],{"term":25,"count":11},"阿茲海默氏症",{"term":27,"count":10},"近期記憶喪失",{"term":29,"count":10},"神經纖維糾結與老年性斑塊",[31,35,39,44,50,55],{"webId":32,"stem":33,"number":34,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-005","有關癲癇藥物Dilantin的敘述，下列何者正確？",5,{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":10,"year":9,"session":38},"nurse-113-3-medical-surgical-001","下列診斷檢查敘述何者錯誤？",3,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":10},"nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-045","有關尿崩症病人之護理處置，下列何者錯誤？",45,114,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":49},"nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-043","有關抗利尿不當症候群（SIADH）的臨床表徵，下列何者正確？①血鈉 128 mEq\u002FL ②尿鈉 40 mEq\u002FL ③尿比重 1.050 ④血漿滲透壓 350 mOsmo\u002Fkg ⑤尿液滲透壓 50 mOsmo\u002Fkg",43,115,2,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":10},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-037","有關乳癌手術後復健運動之敘述，下列何者正確？",37,107,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":10},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-071","有關甲狀腺切除後可能發生的合併症，下列何者正確？",71,108,"2026-09-04",1788510750254]