[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-1-maternal-pediatric-008":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"產兒科護理學","maternal-pediatric",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-113-1-產兒科護理學-008","nurse-113-1-maternal-pediatric-008",113,1,8,"陰道生產過程，下列何種情形表示先露部位胎頭已發生著冠（crowning）？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"當子宮收縮時，胎頭顱頂上出現一圈可見的壓痕","當子宮收縮時，胎頭出現於陰道口，宮縮間歇時，胎頭縮回陰道內","當子宮收縮時，陰道口膨出可見胎頭，大小呈卵圓形","當宮縮間歇時，胎頭出現於陰道口且不會縮回陰道內","D",null,[],"本題考點在於著冠（crowning）的正確定義。依產程進展，著冠指第二產程胎頭下降至陰道口，於宮縮間歇時胎頭仍持續露出、不再縮回陰道內的狀態，代表胎頭已通過恥骨弓、即將娩出，故 D 正確。A「胎頭顱頂出現一圈壓痕」並非著冠定義。B「宮縮時胎頭出現、間歇時縮回」描述的是尚未著冠、胎頭仍在進退的階段（早期胎頭撥露），故錯。C「陰道口膨出可見胎頭呈卵圓形」屬撥露初期的表現，尚可能回縮，非著冠。判別關鍵在『宮縮間歇時是否仍不縮回』，故正解為 D。","產程延伸：第二產程胎頭下降經歷『撥露（showing）』與『著冠（crowning）』。撥露是宮縮時胎頭現於陰道口、間歇時退回；當胎頭最大徑（雙頂徑）通過骨盆出口、恥骨弓固定後，間歇時不再縮回即為著冠，此時接生者須控制胎頭娩出速度、保護會陰以防裂傷。臨床可見會陰極度膨隆、肛門張開。著冠是準備接生的關鍵訊號，指導產婦於此時配合哈氣、勿過度用力，避免胎頭娩出過快造成撕裂。",[24,27,30,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"第二產程",9,{"term":28,"count":29},"會陰保護",3,{"term":31,"count":10},"著冠crowning定義",{"term":33,"count":10},"胎頭撥露與著冠區別",[35,38,42,47,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":26,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-113-1-maternal-pediatric-009","有關分娩期預防產後出血的措施，下列何者不適當？",{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":9,"session":29},"nurse-113-3-maternal-pediatric-005","阮氏女士，懷孕 32 週，有關胎動監測之護理指導，下列何者不適當？",5,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":10},"nurse-114-1-maternal-pediatric-049","張小弟，10歲，診斷為裘馨氏肌失養症（Duchenne muscular dystrophy），有關病因和臨床表徵，下列敘述何者錯誤？",49,114,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":52},"nurse-115-2-maternal-pediatric-047","小志，6 個月，男嬰，半夜突然大哭，雙腳屈膝、臉色蒼白、嘔吐物中含膽汁，數分鐘後緩解，20 分鐘後又再次出現上述症狀。檢查尿布，發現大便中含血與黏膜。根據上述症狀，小志可能有什麼健康問題？",47,115,2,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":10},"nurse-107-1-maternal-pediatric-041","依據民國 104 年修正之「兒童及少年福利與權益保障法」，此法所稱之兒童及少年是指未滿幾歲之人？",41,107,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":10},"nurse-108-1-maternal-pediatric-075","小明，15 歲，因慢性腎衰竭而引發副甲狀腺功能亢進（Hyperparathyroidism），血鈣質為 12 mg\u002FdL，骨骼 X 光顯示脫鈣現象。相關的護理措施，下列何者錯誤？",75,108,"2026-09-04",1788510750709]