[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-039":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-113-1-基礎醫學-039","nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-039",113,1,39,"下列抗結核桿菌的藥物中，何者會降低以protease inhibitors治療愛滋病（AIDS）的效果？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"ethambutol","isoniazid","pyrazinamide","rifampin","D",null,[],"本題考點在於會降低愛滋病蛋白酶抑制劑療效的抗結核藥。依藥理學，rifampin 是強力的肝臟 CYP3A4 酵素誘導劑，會加速蛋白酶抑制劑（protease inhibitors）的代謝，使其血中濃度下降、抗 HIV 效果減弱，故選 D。A ethambutol、B isoniazid、C pyrazinamide 對 CYP3A4 的誘導作用不顯著（isoniazid 反而多為抑制），故不是最主要降低療效者，錯。","rifampin 是臨床最重要的酵素誘導劑之一，會廣泛加速經 CYP3A4 代謝的藥物（PI、口服避孕藥、warfarin、部分免疫抑制劑），造成藥物失效。故 HIV 合併結核治療時常改用誘導較弱的 rifabutin。副記：rifampin 另會使尿液、淚液變橘紅。記憶：rifampin＝酵素誘導王，讓別的藥「跑太快」失效。",[25,28,31,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"藥物交互作用",3,{"term":29,"count":30},"蛋白酶抑制劑",2,{"term":18,"count":11},{"term":33,"count":11},"CYP3A4 酵素誘導",[35,39,43,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-040","下列藥物均能治療新生兒感染，但在考量副作用的前提下，何者是最好的選擇？",40,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":10,"session":27},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-036","下列藥物中，何者為抗凝血劑（anticoagulant），主要用於預防深層靜脈栓塞（deep vein thrombosis）生成？",36,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":30},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-030","痛風為尿酸鈉結晶沉積於關節或附近組織造成發炎反應，關於痛風的臨床表現下列何者正確？",30,114,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-028","若腎小管無法將氫離子有效排除時，在代償作用發生之前最可能發生下列何種現象？",28,106,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":11},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-072","下列何項病原菌並非經過水來傳播？",72,107,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":30},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-026","下列何種原因抑制懷孕時乳汁的製造？",26,108,"2026-09-04",1788510749698]