[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-036":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-113-1-基礎醫學-036","nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-036",113,1,36,"口服抗凝血劑warfarin中毒出血時，應如何救治最好？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"給予肌肉注射或靜脈注射維生素K","給予皮下注射或靜脈注射維生素B12","給予口服、皮下注射或靜脈注射methylprednisolone","給予口服、皮下注射或靜脈注射tranexamic acid","A",null,[],"本題考點在於 warfarin 中毒出血的解毒處置。依藥理學，warfarin 抑制維生素 K 環氧化物還原酶，使凝血因子 II、VII、IX、X 無法活化；中毒出血時應補充維生素 K（phytonadione）以恢復凝血因子合成，經肌肉或靜脈注射給予，故選 A。B 維生素 B12 治巨球性貧血；C methylprednisolone 為類固醇、與凝血無關；D tranexamic acid 為抗纖溶劑僅輔助止血，非針對 warfarin 機轉的解毒劑，故錯。","warfarin 阻斷維生素 K 循環，維生素 K 是拮抗其作用的專一解毒劑，但起效需數小時（要重新合成因子）。若出血危急，須併用新鮮冷凍血漿（FFP）或凝血酶原複合物（PCC）立即補充現成因子。對比：heparin 過量的解毒劑是 protamine sulfate。記憶：warfarin↔維生素 K，heparin↔protamine。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"warfarin",2,{"term":29,"count":11},"維生素 K",{"term":31,"count":11},"凝血因子 II VII IX X",{"term":33,"count":11},"抗凝血劑解毒",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-037","Milrinone具有強心及擴張血管之功能，長期使用會引發心律不整，此藥物的藥理作用機制為何？",37,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":10,"session":43},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-033","下列藥物中，何者不作為躁鬱症（mania and bipolar disorder）的治療用藥？",33,3,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":27},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-027","關於 IgA 腎病變（IgA nephropathy）的敘述，下列何者最不適當？",27,114,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-025","下列何者是生成睪固酮（testosterone）最主要的細胞？",25,106,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-069","下列何者不屬於第三型過敏反應（Type III hypersensitivity）引起之疾病或反應？",69,107,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":27},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-023","下列何種激素由腺體分泌後，可被轉變為更具活性的形式？",23,108,"2026-09-04",1788510749674]