[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-031":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-113-1-基礎醫學-031","nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-031",113,1,31,"在治療慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）的藥物中，下列何者可抑制乙醯膽鹼（ACh）受體，以減少黏液之分泌？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"cromolyn","ipratropium","beclomethasone","terbutaline","B",null,[],"本題考點在於 COPD 治療中作用於乙醯膽鹼受體以減少黏液分泌的藥物。依藥理分類，ipratropium 為吸入型抗膽鹼藥（毒蕈鹼 M 受體拮抗劑），阻斷 ACh 對氣道平滑肌與腺體的作用，達到支氣管擴張並減少黏液分泌，故選 B。A cromolyn 為肥大細胞穩定劑；C beclomethasone 為吸入型類固醇；D terbutaline 為 β2 交感神經興奮劑，三者機轉皆非抗膽鹼，故錯。","氣道受副交感（迷走神經）ACh 經 M3 受體調控收縮與分泌，故抗膽鹼藥（ipratropium 短效、tiotropium 長效）是 COPD 一線支氣管擴張劑，效果甚至優於氣喘。副作用為口乾、尿滯留（抗膽鹼的全身表現）。記憶：COPD 抗膽鹼＝ipra\u002Ftiotropium；β2 致效劑與抗膽鹼常合併使用互補。",[25,28,29,31],{"term":26,"count":27},"毒蕈鹼受體",2,{"term":16,"count":11},{"term":30,"count":11},"抗膽鹼藥",{"term":32,"count":11},"COPD 支氣管擴張劑",[34,38,43,48,53,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-032","下列何者最常用於緊急治療過敏性休克（anaphylactic shock）？",32,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":42},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-028","三歲男孩，血中 α 胎兒蛋白（α-fetoprotein）上升，最可能為何種睪丸腫瘤？",28,3,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":27},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-022","下列何種機制與鬱血性心衰竭（congestive heart failure）患者的肺水腫最為相關？",22,114,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-020","下列自主神經傳導物質接受器之作用，何者會引起皮膚及腹腔內臟的血管收縮？",20,106,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":11},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-064","器官移植所引發的急性排斥作用，可運用 cyclosporine 以緩解免疫性組織損壞，其藥理作用機制為何？",64,107,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":27},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-018","腦脊髓液是由何處產生？",18,108,"2026-09-04",1788510749631]