[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-028":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":66},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-113-1-基礎醫學-028","nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-028",113,1,28,"三陰性（triple negative）乳癌的定義不包含下列何者？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"雌激素受體（estrogen receptor）陰性","孕激素受體（progesterone receptor）陰性","第二型人類表皮生長因子接受體（human epidermal growth factor receptor 2）陰性","細胞角蛋白（cytokeratin）陰性","D",null,[],"本題考點在於三陰性乳癌的定義範圍，屬反向題（問「不包含」何者）。依腫瘤分子分型，三陰性乳癌指雌激素受體（ER）、孕激素受體（PR）與 HER2 三者皆陰性，因此 A、B、C 正是其定義內容。細胞角蛋白（cytokeratin）是上皮細胞的一般標記，並非三陰性的判定條件，故不包含在定義中，選 D。","三陰性乳癌（TNBC）因缺 ER\u002FPR，荷爾蒙治療無效；缺 HER2，標靶（trastuzumab）也無效，故治療以化療為主、預後相對差，好發於年輕與 BRCA1 突變者。近年加入免疫治療與 PARP 抑制劑。記憶：三陰＝ER−、PR−、HER2−；cytokeratin 是判斷細胞為上皮來源的通用標記，與受體分型無關。",[25,28,30,32,34],{"term":26,"count":27},"HER2",2,{"term":29,"count":11},"三陰性乳癌",{"term":31,"count":11},"雌激素受體",{"term":33,"count":11},"孕激素受體",{"term":35,"count":11},"細胞角蛋白",[37,41,46,51,56,61],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-029","進行性多灶性白質腦病（progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, PML）是一種髓鞘脫失（demyelination）的病變，臨床上常與免疫抑制有關。此病主要由何種病毒引起？",29,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":10,"session":45},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-025","下列為心肌梗塞（myocardial infarction）的病理變化，請依出現的先後時序予以排列：①嗜中性球浸潤（neutrophilicinfiltration） ②吞噬細胞（macrophages）清除死亡的細胞 ③心肌出現凝固性壞死（coagulative necrosis） ④肉芽組織（granulation tissue）出現，並有膠原纖維（collagen）堆積",25,3,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":27},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-019","失語症（aphasia）與下列那個腦區受損最為相關？",19,114,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-017","在肌肉收縮與舒張過程（muscle contraction\u002Frelaxation cycle）中，ATP 結合於下列那一分子？",17,106,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":11},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-061","下列止瀉劑中，何者可增加腸道分節性收縮，屬於類鴉片之藥物？",61,107,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":27},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-015","松果腺（pineal gland）位於何處？",15,108,"2026-09-04",1788510749595]