[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-010":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-113-1-基礎醫學-010","nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-010",113,1,10,"調節消化道平滑肌收縮，最主要的離子為下列何者？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"鈣離子","鈉離子","鉀離子","氯離子","A",null,[],"本題考點在於平滑肌收縮的興奮收縮偶聯關鍵離子。無論骨骼肌、心肌或平滑肌，肌肉收縮的最終觸發都仰賴鈣離子，消化道平滑肌收縮亦以鈣離子為主要調節離子，故選 A。鈣離子進入細胞後與 calmodulin 結合，活化肌凝蛋白輕鏈激酶而啟動收縮。B 鈉離子、C 鉀離子主要參與去極化與再極化的膜電位變化，D 氯離子與部分膜電位調節有關，但真正偶聯到收縮機械動作的是鈣離子。故選 A。","平滑肌與骨骼肌收縮機轉差異：骨骼肌鈣結合 troponin，平滑肌則鈣結合 calmodulin→活化肌凝蛋白輕鏈激酶（MLCK）→使肌凝蛋白磷酸化而收縮。共同點是『鈣是收縮的最後開關』。消化道平滑肌鈣可來自細胞外流入與肌漿網釋放。記憶：一切肌肉收縮，鈣離子都是扳機。",[25,28,31,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"平滑肌收縮",3,{"term":29,"count":30},"calmodulin",2,{"term":32,"count":11},"鈣離子興奮收縮偶聯",{"term":34,"count":11},"肌凝蛋白輕鏈激酶",[36,40,44,48,53,58],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-011","下列那一種細胞分泌激素的主要功能，與副甲狀腺素（parathyroid hormone）的作用相反？",11,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":10,"session":27},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-007","聲帶（vocal cord）的前方連結在甲狀軟骨，請問後方連結在那一塊軟骨？",7,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":11,"year":47,"session":30},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-001","有關濾泡刺激素（follicle-stimulating hormone）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",114,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":30},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-049","下列那一肝炎病毒其遺傳物質為 RNA 且臺灣具有市售疫苗可以預防感染？",49,115,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":11},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-043","一個剛出生的嬰兒，口中有大量口水流出且無法餵食，是因下列何者先天性異常？",43,107,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-077","病患若呈現面部痙攣（facial spasm）、牙關緊閉（trismus or lockjaw）、心律不整、嚴重流汗、脫水等，最有可能是下列何種疾病？",77,108,"2026-09-04",1788510749426]