[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-3-psychiatric-community-013":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":63},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-112-3-精神科與社區衛生護理學-013","nurse-112-3-psychiatric-community-013",112,3,13,"28 歲男性病人，因嚴重精神病症狀，語無倫次及攻擊他人，連續注射 5 mg 的 haloperidol（Haldol ® ）達每天 20～30 mg，護理師發現他的生命徵象極不穩定、吞嚥困難、全身冒汗，對此抗精神病藥物惡性症候群，下列何項敘述最適切？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"體溫降低","肌酸酐酶（creatine kinase）濃度會驟降","雖然生命徵象不穩定，但病人的意識都能維持清楚","建議立即停藥，並加上支持療法，例如補充體液","D",null,[],"本題考點在於抗精神病藥物惡性症候群（NMS）的表現與處置。個案在高劑量 haloperidol 下出現生命徵象極不穩、吞嚥困難與大量出汗，符合 NMS。正確處置是儘速停用致病藥物並給予支持療法（如補充體液、降溫、監測生命徵象），故 D 正確。A 錯在 NMS 以『高燒』為特徵而非體溫降低；B 錯在肌肉僵直造成橫紋肌溶解會使肌酸激酶（CK）『上升』而非驟降；C 錯在 NMS 常伴意識改變、混亂，並非意識都清楚，故正解為 D。","NMS 四大核心：高燒、鉛管樣肌肉僵直、自主神經不穩（血壓心跳波動、大汗）、意識改變，實驗室可見 CK 顯著上升與白血球增多、可併發橫紋肌溶解與急性腎損傷。處置重點：停用抗精神病藥、積極支持治療（散熱、水分電解質、循環支持），必要時使用 dantrolene 或 bromocriptine。與惡性高熱、血清素症候群作鑑別。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"抗精神病藥物惡性症候群 NMS",1,{"term":28,"count":26},"高燒與肌肉僵直",{"term":30,"count":26},"肌酸激酶 CK 上升",{"term":32,"count":26},"停藥與支持療法",[34,38,44,49,53,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-112-3-psychiatric-community-014","李同學就讀高中三年級，日前媽媽生病過世，李同學因為失落、哀傷住進急性病房，護理師在住院過程提供支持性心理治療（supportive psychotherapy），下列有關支持性心理治療概念的描述，何者錯誤？",14,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":43},"nurse-113-2-psychiatric-community-010","楊小姐，診斷為思覺失調症，住院後在病床存有大量零食。下列護理措施何者最適切？",10,113,2,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":26},"nurse-114-1-psychiatric-community-004","有關抗精神病藥物的敘述，下列何者正確？",4,114,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":43,"year":52,"session":43},"nurse-115-2-psychiatric-community-002","有關精神障礙病人在復元過程的敘述，下列何者正確？",115,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":43},"nurse-106-2-psychiatric-community-076","社區衛生護理師為弱勢個案族群爭取所需服務，促成相關政策之立法，是屬於何項角色的發揮？",76,106,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":43},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-030","對於有行為規範障礙症（conduct disorder）的兒童之護理，下列何者正確？",30,108,"2026-09-04",1788510745827]