[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-3-medical-surgical-040":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":64},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-112-3-內外科護理學-040","nurse-112-3-medical-surgical-040",112,3,40,"有關腎臟功能血液檢查，下列敘述何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"尿素氮升高可能是脫水，不一定是表示腎臟功能不佳","尿素氮和肌酸酐不受飲食影響，檢查不需要空腹抽血","尿中肌酸酐排泄減少時，血中的肌酸酐也會隨之降低","當尿素氮值升高時，表示腎功能已喪失達 50%以上","A",null,[],"本題考點在於腎功能血液檢查數值的臨床意義。A尿素氮(BUN)升高可能因脫水、腸胃道出血或高蛋白飲食,不一定代表腎功能不佳,正確。B錯在尿素氮受飲食(蛋白質攝取)與水分狀態影響,並非完全不受飲食影響。C錯在尿中肌酸酐排泄減少時,血中肌酸酐反而上升而非降低。D錯在肌酸酐(而非尿素氮)於腎功能喪失約50%以上才明顯上升,且尿素氮特異性較低。故選A。","肌酸酐由肌肉代謝穩定產生、經腎絲球過濾,受飲食影響小,是評估腎功能較特異的指標;尿素氮則受蛋白質攝取、水分、消化道出血等多因素影響,故臨床常看BUN\u002FCr比值鑑別是腎前性(如脫水,比值升高)或腎因性。",[24,26,29,31],{"term":25,"count":10},"腎功能指標",{"term":27,"count":28},"尿素氮(BUN)",1,{"term":30,"count":28},"血中肌酸酐",{"term":32,"count":28},"BUN\u002FCr比值",[34,38,44,49,54,59],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-112-3-medical-surgical-041","腎衰竭病人的飲食護理指導，下列敘述何者正確？",41,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":43},"nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-037","有關良性前列腺肥大症狀與導因之敘述，下列何者正確？",37,113,2,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":28},"nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-031","為降低排斥反應，下列何者為器官移植前進行組織配對的常見檢驗？①C型肝炎檢驗             ②人類白血球抗原（HLA）   ③混和性淋巴細胞反應    ④交叉配對試驗    ⑤人類免疫缺乏病毒（HIV）篩檢",31,114,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":43},"nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-029","簡先生 6 小時前車禍意外造成全身 40%的熱燒傷，下列敘述何者正確？",29,115,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":28},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-023","有關鼻部手術後病人護理措施及指導之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",23,107,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":28},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-057","下列何者最容易造成 α 1 -抗胰蛋白酶（α 1 -antitrypsin）缺乏？",57,108,"2026-09-04",1788510745126]