[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-3-medical-surgical-019":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":63},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-112-3-內外科護理學-019","nurse-112-3-medical-surgical-019",112,3,19,"有關 Dopamine 作用的敘述，下列何者正確？①2 μg\u002Fkg\u002Fmin 會增加心肌的自動性，因此可減少心室節律障礙 ②可治療低血容量性休克 ③5～10 μg\u002Fkg\u002Fmin 主要作用是增加腎血流量 ④大於10 μg\u002Fkg\u002Fmin 作用是末梢血管收縮",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"①③","①④","②③","②④","D",null,[],"本題考點在於 Dopamine 依劑量不同而作用於不同受體的藥理特性。依 dopamine 的劑量依賴效應，中劑量（約 5～10 μg\u002Fkg\u002Fmin）刺激 β1 受體增加心肌收縮力與心輸出量（敘述③涉及腎血流的描述須留意），大劑量（大於 10 μg\u002Fkg\u002Fmin）刺激 α 受體造成末梢血管收縮、升高血壓（敘述④正確），配合正確組合對應官方答案 D（②④）。判斷關鍵是「高劑量→α 受體→血管收縮」。②可用於休克時提升血壓與心輸出量。①與③在劑量對應的敘述與標準不符，故不選。","Dopamine 的三段劑量效應可記為「腎、心、壓」：低劑量（1～2 μg\u002Fkg\u002Fmin）作用於多巴胺受體，擴張腎與內臟血管、增加腎血流與尿量；中劑量（2～10 μg\u002Fkg\u002Fmin）刺激 β1 受體增強心肌收縮與心輸出量；高劑量（>10 μg\u002Fkg\u002Fmin）刺激 α1 受體使末梢血管收縮、升高血壓，用於休克升壓。此題各敘述將劑量與效應交錯設計，須逐項比對劑量門檻；本題依官方答案選 D，惟部分敘述界定較細，作答以高劑量血管收縮此最明確者為錨。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"Dopamine 劑量依賴效應",1,{"term":28,"count":26},"β1 受體",{"term":30,"count":26},"α 受體",{"term":32,"count":26},"末梢血管收縮",[34,38,44,49,54,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-112-3-medical-surgical-020","有關心臟衰竭病人的照護，下列何者正確？①採高坐臥姿勢可以減少心臟後負荷 ②限水限鹽分的攝取是為了減少前負荷 ③使用動脈血管擴張劑可以降低周邊血管阻力及後負荷 ④使用嗎啡可以改善呼吸喘但無法減輕心臟負荷",20,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":43},"nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-016","有關感染性心內膜炎臨床表徵之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",16,113,2,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":26},"nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-010","有關食道憩室的敘述，下列何者正確？",10,114,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":43},"nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-008","有關痔瘡的敘述，下列何者正確？①教導病人手術後一週開始溫水坐浴，促進傷口癒合 ②內痔與外痔的分界線是肛門黏膜與上皮相接的齒狀線（dental line） ③內痔區域是由自主神經所支配、外痔區域則是由體／知覺神經所支配 ④痔瘡切除術後教導病人採仰臥，利用填塞於直腸內的敷料加壓傷口止血",8,115,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":43,"year":57,"session":26},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-002","林先生因置有腦室外引流系統而造成細菌感染，其腦脊髓液的實驗室檢查結果，下列何者正確？",107,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":26},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-036","與乳癌有關的腫瘤標記，下列何者正確？",36,108,"2026-09-04",1788510744938]