[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-3-fundamental-nursing-049":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":66},"基本護理學與護理行政","fundamental-nursing","基本護理學(包括護理原理、護理技術)與護理行政",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-112-3-基本護理學與護理行政-049","nurse-112-3-fundamental-nursing-049",112,3,49,"某護理師和同儕相處融洽，績效考核時主管可能因此給予其較高的分數，屬於下列何種考核偏差？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"霍桑效應（Hawthorne effect）","向日葵效應（sunflower effect）","中央偏誤／集中趨勢（central tendency）","光圈效應／月暈效應（halo effect）","D",null,[],"本題考點在於績效考核常見的評分偏差類型辨識。依定義，月暈效應（halo effect）指評核者因員工某一突出特質（如人緣好、相處融洽），而連帶對其整體或其他不相關項目也給予偏高評分，故本題情境屬月暈效應，選 D。判斷關鍵是「以偏概全、一好全好」。A 霍桑效應指員工因知道被觀察而暫時改變行為，與評分偏差不同。B 向日葵效應指主管給全體部屬普遍偏高分以塑造績優團隊形象，屬整體性偏高非因單一特質。C 中央偏誤指評分集中於中間、不敢給極端分數，與本題偏高情境相反。","考核偏差可歸類記憶：月暈效應（一好全好／一壞全壞，以偏概全）、尖角效應（月暈的負向版）、中央趨勢（都給中間分）、寬鬆與嚴苛誤差（一律偏高或偏低）、近時效應（只記得近期表現）、對比效應（拿員工互相比較）。降低這些偏差的方法包括採用具體行為錨定量表（BARS）、多來源評核（360 度考核）及訓練評核者，是護理行政管理的重要課題。",[25,28,31,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"月暈效應",7,{"term":29,"count":30},"中央趨勢",2,{"term":32,"count":30},"向日葵效應",{"term":34,"count":35},"績效考核偏差",1,[37,41,46,51,56,61],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-3-fundamental-nursing-050","有關護理主管面對危機應有的職責，下列敘述何者正確？",50,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":30},"nurse-113-2-fundamental-nursing-046","有關資訊安全，下列敘述何者正確？",46,113,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":35},"nurse-114-1-fundamental-nursing-040","護理長於年度考核前一週，與平時工作表現良好且深獲肯定的護理師起爭執，故給予該名護理師較低的考評分數。此行為屬於下列何種績效考核問題？",40,114,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":30},"nurse-115-2-fundamental-nursing-038","有關個人權力（personal power）的敘述，下列何者最適當？",38,115,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":35},"nurse-107-1-fundamental-nursing-032","劉太太 60 歲因大量膿尿而入院，醫囑 0.9% Normal Saline 1,000 mL 膀胱灌洗 q.8h.，下列敘述何者不適當？",32,107,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":35},"nurse-108-1-fundamental-nursing-066","有關臉書等社群網站的溝通原則，下列何者不適當？",66,108,"2026-09-04",1788510744755]