[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-3-fundamental-nursing-016":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":65},"基本護理學與護理行政","fundamental-nursing","基本護理學(包括護理原理、護理技術)與護理行政",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-112-3-基本護理學與護理行政-016","nurse-112-3-fundamental-nursing-016",112,3,16,"有關人體溫度調控的敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"出現極度冷熱刺激時，脊髓反射作用會產生保護機制以避免傷害","皮膚上熱的接受器位於四肢較多，因此對熱的刺激反應比較顯著","時間愈久溫度接受器產生適應時，對溫度的敏感度會隨之增加","當室溫增加時會促進血管收縮，藉由流汗從皮膚蒸發來散熱","A",null,[],"本題考點在於體溫調控的生理機轉。依脊髓反射原理，面對極度冷熱等強烈刺激時，訊息可經脊髓直接引發保護性反射（如縮手），不必上傳大腦即先行避害，故 A 正確。B 錯在冷、熱接受器主要分布於皮膚與體核，冷接受器數量多於熱接受器，且並非四肢對熱反應特別顯著；C 錯在溫度接受器具「適應」現象，刺激持續愈久敏感度反而下降而非增加；D 錯在室溫升高時身體為散熱應使皮膚血管「擴張」並流汗蒸發散熱，血管收縮是保溫反應，方向相反。","體溫調節中樞在下視丘，但脊髓反射提供更快的第一道防線，這是保護機制設計上「快而粗」的分工。感覺適應（sensory adaptation）是接受器普遍特性，泡久了熱水不覺燙即此理。散熱四途徑（輻射、傳導、對流、蒸發）中，環境溫度高於體溫時只剩蒸發（流汗）有效，配合皮膚血管擴張把體核熱量帶到體表。",[25,27,30,32],{"term":26,"count":11},"下視丘體溫調節中樞",{"term":28,"count":29},"脊髓反射",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"溫度接受器適應",{"term":33,"count":29},"皮膚血管擴張散熱",[35,39,45,50,55,60],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-3-fundamental-nursing-017","下列何者不是灌腸的禁忌症？",17,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":44},"nurse-113-2-fundamental-nursing-013","高血壓病人醫囑為 acetaminophen 1# P.O. QID、MgO 1# P.O. BID、nifedipine 30 mg 1# P.O. QD，凌晨 0：00 開始 NPO，今日上午 10：00 進行上腸胃道攝影，至 12：30 返回病室後測量生命徵象無異常，13：00 執行給藥，下列何者最適當？（備註：該院一天四次給藥常規時間為 9-13-18-21）",13,113,2,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":29},"nurse-114-1-fundamental-nursing-007","下列何者是相依性護理活動？",7,114,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":44},"nurse-115-2-fundamental-nursing-005","護理記錄書寫中主、客觀資料的相關敘述，下列何者正確？",5,115,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":44},"nurse-106-2-fundamental-nursing-079","承上題，經核對醫囑後，護理師將藥物退回藥局請他們重新配置藥物。所幸該錯誤之藥物尚未發給病人使用。上述的情況是屬於下列何種異常事件？",79,106,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":29},"nurse-108-1-fundamental-nursing-033","協助心肌梗塞急性期病人使用便盆時，下列何項措施較適當？",33,108,"2026-09-04",1788510744450]