[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-040":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-112-3-基礎醫學-040","nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-040",112,3,40,"長期使用免疫抑制劑 Cyclosporine 治療自體免疫疾病，可能引發下列何種副作用？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"骨髓損害","腎毒性與高血壓","白內障","偏頭痛","B",null,[],"本題考點在於免疫抑制劑 Cyclosporine 的主要副作用。Cyclosporine 是抑制鈣調磷酸酶（calcineurin）的免疫抑制劑，其最著名且劑量相關的毒性為腎毒性與高血壓，因它使腎入球小動脈收縮、腎血流下降並促進鈉滯留，故選 B。A 的骨髓抑制較常見於 azathioprine、cyclophosphamide 等。C 的白內障是長期使用類固醇的典型副作用。D 的偏頭痛非其特徵性毒性。故選 B。","Calcineurin 抑制劑（cyclosporine、tacrolimus）共同的劑量限制毒性就是腎毒性，臨床須監測血中濃度與腎功能。其他常見副作用還包括牙齦增生、多毛症（cyclosporine 特有）與高血鉀。對比記憶：cyclosporine→腎毒性\u002F牙齦增生\u002F多毛；類固醇→白內障\u002F骨鬆\u002F血糖上升；硫唑嘌呤\u002F環磷醯胺→骨髓抑制。",[25,28,31,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"腎毒性",2,{"term":29,"count":30},"Cyclosporine",1,{"term":32,"count":30},"鈣調磷酸酶抑制劑",{"term":34,"count":30},"免疫抑制劑副作用",[36,40,45,50,55,60],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-041","下列那一種細胞是人類血液中數量最多的吞噬細胞？",41,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":27},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-037","下列何者屬於抑制腸胃蠕動的藥物（antimotility agents），用於治療嚴重腹瀉？",37,113,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":30},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-031","下列何種藥物不能抑制乙醯膽鹼酯酶（acetylcholinesterase）？",31,114,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":27},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-029","第二型糖尿病的致病機轉，與下列何者最不相關？",29,115,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":30},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-023","有關抗利尿激素（antidiuretic hormone, ADH）的敘述，下列何者正確？",23,107,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":30},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-057","下列抗精神病藥物中，何者的錐體外症狀（Extrapyramidal symptoms）副作用最強？",57,108,"2026-09-04",1788510744231]