[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-032":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-112-3-基礎醫學-032","nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-032",112,3,32,"治療慢性阻塞性肺病（chronic obstructive pulmonary disease）的藥物中，下列何者具有抗發炎的作用？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"Salmeterol","Ipratropium","Corticosteroids","Terbutaline","C",null,[],"本題考點在於慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）用藥中具抗發炎作用者。依呼吸藥理，皮質類固醇（corticosteroids）是抑制氣道發炎的核心藥物，能減少發炎細胞浸潤與細胞激素釋放，故 C 具抗發炎作用。A Salmeterol 為長效 β2 交感神經興奮劑，作用是支氣管擴張。B Ipratropium 為抗膽鹼藥，經阻斷副交感達支氣管擴張。D Terbutaline 為 β2 興奮劑，同屬支氣管擴張劑。A、B、D 都只鬆弛氣道平滑肌、擴張支氣管，並無抗發炎作用，唯類固醇針對氣道發炎，故選 C。","COPD 與氣喘用藥可分兩大類：支氣管擴張劑（β2 興奮劑如 salmeterol、terbutaline；抗膽鹼藥如 ipratropium、tiotropium）負責「擴管」緩解症狀；吸入型類固醇負責「消炎」控制氣道慢性發炎。記法：藥名帶 -terol、-tropium 的多是擴張劑，corticosteroid 才是消炎主力。臨床常合併長效擴張劑與吸入型類固醇以兼顧擴張與抗發炎。",[25,27,30,32],{"term":26,"count":11},"皮質類固醇",{"term":28,"count":29},"慢性阻塞性肺病",2,{"term":31,"count":29},"抗發炎",{"term":33,"count":29},"支氣管擴張劑",[35,39,44,50,55,60],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-033","下列何種藥物最適合給與初診斷為第二型糖尿病且尚無併發症之病人？",33,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":29},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-029","醛固酮分泌腺瘤（aldosterone-secreting adenoma）產生原發性醛固酮過多症（hyperaldosteronism）會造成下列那一種症候群？",29,113,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":49},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-023","KIT基因突變是下列那種腫瘤最常見的分子變化？",23,114,1,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":29},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-021","一名 20 歲男性，由於車禍導致腿部骨折，以石膏固定傷肢。在骨折癒合期間，肌肉量會減少。這是下列何種類型的細胞適應性反應？",21,115,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":49},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-015","下列何者支配耳下腺（parotid gland）的分泌？",15,107,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":49},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-049","組織胺（histamine）會作用於氣管平滑肌 H 1 受體，而引起氣管痙攣；此時，給予腎上腺素（epinephrine）則可活化氣管平滑肌 β 2 受體而使之鬆弛。此例中腎上腺素對抗組織胺的氣管痙攣作用是屬於何種拮抗（antagonism）？",49,108,"2026-09-04",1788510744153]