[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-024":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-112-3-基礎醫學-024","nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-024",112,3,24,"有關唐氏症（Down syndrome）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"可用 FISH（fluorescence in situ hybridization）輔助診斷","是最常見的體染色體疾病","發生率和父親年齡有關，而和母親年齡關係較小","第 21 對染色體數目多了 1 條","C",null,[],"本題考點在於唐氏症（Down syndrome）的正確概念。依遺傳學，唐氏症為第 21 對染色體多一條（三染色體 21），是最常見的體染色體異常，發生率與母親年齡呈正相關，高齡產婦風險明顯增加。本題為反向題，錯誤敘述為 C：其把相關性歸給父親年齡而稱與母親關係較小，恰與事實相反，唐氏症風險主要隨母親年齡上升。A 可用 FISH 輔助診斷正確。B 是最常見的體染色體疾病正確。D 第 21 對染色體多一條是其致病基礎，正確。故錯誤者為 C。","唐氏症多因減數分裂時第 21 對染色體不分離（nondisjunction），而卵子形成的減數分裂停滯期漫長、隨年齡累積錯誤，故與母親年齡強相關——這是產前篩檢對高齡孕婦特別重視的原因。診斷可用羊膜穿刺核型分析或 FISH 快速偵測。記法：唐氏症＝多一條 21 號、媽媽年紀愈大風險愈高。臨床特徵含智能障礙、特殊面容、先天性心臟病等。",[25,28,31,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"唐氏症",2,{"term":29,"count":30},"三染色體21",1,{"term":32,"count":30},"母親年齡",{"term":34,"count":30},"染色體不分離",[36,40,45,50,55,60],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-025","最常引起心肌炎（myocarditis）的原因為何？",25,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":27},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-021","下列何者與營養不良性鈣化（dystrophic calcification）最不相關？",21,113,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":30},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-015","下列何者不是輸尿管（ureter）管腔較為狹窄的位置？",15,114,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":27},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-013","自律神經系統的副交感神經節後神經元（postganglionic parasympathetic neuron）所分泌的神經傳遞物質為何？",13,115,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":30},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-007","有關淋巴結的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",7,107,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":30},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-041","有關主動充血（hyperemia）或被動充血（congestion）的敘述，下列何者最不適當？",41,108,"2026-09-04",1788510744087]