[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-018":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-112-3-基礎醫學-018","nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-018",112,3,18,"當物質經腎臟排出至尿液的量大於其腎絲球過濾率（glomerular filtration rate）時，則表示該物質在腎臟中經過下列何種處理？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"被腎小管代謝分解","被腎小管再吸收","被腎小管分泌","被腎小管過濾","C",null,[],"本題考點在於腎臟對物質的處理方式判讀。依腎臟生理，尿液排出量＝過濾量−再吸收量＋分泌量。當某物質的尿液排出量大於腎絲球過濾率（GFR）所能提供的量時，代表腎小管在過濾之外還「額外加入」了此物質，即經腎小管分泌，故選 C。B 若被再吸收，排出量會小於過濾量，方向相反。A 腎小管代謝分解會減少排出量，也不符。D 「腎小管過濾」概念錯誤，過濾發生在腎絲球而非腎小管。唯有分泌能使排出量超過過濾量。","判讀清除率是關鍵：若清除率＞GFR（如 PAH），代表有腎小管分泌加碼；若清除率＜GFR（如葡萄糖幾乎為零），代表被大量再吸收；若清除率≈GFR 且不被再吸收或分泌（如 inulin、creatinine 近似），則可用來估算 GFR。記法：排出比過濾還多，一定是腎小管「補分泌」進來的；排出比過濾少，就是被「再吸收」回去了。",[25,28,31,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"腎絲球過濾率",5,{"term":29,"count":30},"腎小管分泌",1,{"term":32,"count":30},"清除率",{"term":34,"count":30},"腎臟生理",[36,40,46,51,56,60],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-019","下列何者屬於腸道神經系統（enteric nervous system）？",19,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":45},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-015","下列何種激素最主要透過肌醇三磷酸（IP 3 ）和鈣離子（Ca 2+ ）執行其生理功能？",15,113,2,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":30},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-009","肺氣腫（emphysema）患者因肺泡壁遭到破壞而容易出現下列那一種變化？",9,114,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":45},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-007","男性的精子（sperm）主要在何處儲存並且發育成熟（mature）？",7,115,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":30,"year":59,"session":30},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-001","下列有關皮膚表皮的敘述，何者正確？",107,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":30},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-035","岡氏複合體（Ghon’s complex）是下列何種微生物感染肺部所造成的臨床病理特徵？",35,108,"2026-09-04",1788510744019]