[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-012":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-112-3-基礎醫學-012","nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-012",112,3,12,"有關激素（hormone）的敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"由外分泌腺分泌","主要由淋巴循環系統運送至標的細胞","藉由專一性接受器調節標的細胞功能","大部分以正回饋的方式調節濃度變化","C",null,[],"本題考點在於激素（hormone）的分泌與作用特性。依內分泌生理，激素由內分泌腺分泌後直接進入血液循環，運送至具有專一性接受器的標的細胞，藉接受器結合調節其功能，故 C 正確。A 錯在激素由「內分泌腺」而非外分泌腺分泌，外分泌腺是經導管排出（如汗腺、唾液腺）。B 錯在運送媒介，激素主要靠血液循環而非淋巴系統運送。D 錯在調節方式，多數激素採負回饋（negative feedback）維持濃度恆定，正回饋僅見於少數（如催產素、排卵前 LH 高峰），並非大部分。故只有藉專一性接受器調節標的細胞的敘述正確。","激素作用的專一性來自「鑰匙與鎖」：某激素只能作用在帶有對應接受器的標的細胞。負回饋是內分泌恆定的主軸——當激素或其效應達標，便回頭抑制上游腺體分泌（如甲狀腺素回抑 TSH）。少數正回饋是為了製造爆發式高峰（催產素促進宮縮愈縮愈強、排卵前雌激素引爆 LH surge）。記法：內分泌走血液、外分泌走導管；恆定靠負回饋、爆發靠正回饋。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"激素",1,{"term":29,"count":27},"內分泌腺",{"term":31,"count":27},"專一性接受器",{"term":33,"count":27},"負回饋調節",[35,39,45,49,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-013","下列腦區何者未參與調節意識（consciousness）的清醒或睡眠狀態？",13,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":44},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-009","支配橫膈的膈神經（phrenic nerve），主要是來自下列何者？",9,113,2,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":11,"year":48,"session":27},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-003","下列何者會導致電位過極化（hyperpolarizing），進而誘發抑制性突觸後電位（inhibitory postsynaptic potential, IPSP）的表現？",114,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":27,"year":52,"session":44},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-001","下列激素何者是藉由下丘腦-垂體徑（hypothalamic-hypophyseal tract）來運送？",115,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":44},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-075","目前那一型肝炎，可使用疫苗有效預防嬰兒被母親感染肝炎？",75,106,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":27},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-029","下列有關心臟的敘述，何者正確？",29,108,"2026-09-04",1788510743968]