[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-2-psychiatric-community-028":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-112-2-精神科與社區衛生護理學-028","nurse-112-2-psychiatric-community-028",112,2,28,"鴉片類的物質其作用越短效，引起的戒斷症狀發作及持續時間的通則為何？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"引起的戒斷症狀越長愈強","引起的戒斷症狀越短愈強","引起的戒斷症狀越長愈輕微","引起的戒斷症狀越短愈輕微","B",null,[],"本題考點是鴉片類物質的作用時間與戒斷症狀強度、時程的關係。依藥物動力學通則，短效鴉片類（如海洛因）血中濃度下降快，戒斷症狀來得早、發作猛烈但持續時間短；長效者（如美沙冬）濃度緩降，戒斷來得慢、症狀較和緩但拖得久。故短效者「戒斷症狀發作越快且越強烈但持續較短」，選 B（越短愈強）。A、C 描述長效為強或持續長者方向錯誤。D 短效愈輕微，與臨床觀察相反，短效物質戒斷反而更急更強。考點在於辨識「半衰期短→戒斷急且強、時程短；半衰期長→戒斷緩且久」的反比關係。","此原理是藥物濃度下降速率決定神經適應的反彈速度：短效藥血中濃度陡降，受體突然失去刺激，反彈性交感亢進來得又急又猛。臨床上以長效美沙冬或丁基原啡因替代治療，正是利用長效藥「戒斷平緩」的特性來降低戒斷痛苦與再用藥風險。記憶口訣：短效＝快狠短，長效＝慢緩久。可延伸連結半衰期、受體向下調節（downregulation）與替代療法設計原理。",[24,27,30,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"戒斷症狀",5,{"term":28,"count":29},"鴉片類物質",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"半衰期",{"term":33,"count":29},"替代療法",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-112-2-psychiatric-community-029","有關物質使用障礙症的護理措施中，下列何者較不適切？",29,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":9,"session":43},"nurse-112-3-psychiatric-community-045","職業衛生護理師發現某些作業員突有壓力大增、情緒不穩的現象。下列何項措施最不適當？",45,3,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":10},"nurse-113-2-psychiatric-community-039","透過社區發展史的資料收集，最適合了解居民的下列何種特性？",39,113,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":43},"nurse-114-3-psychiatric-community-037","有關細菌性食物中毒，下列敘述何者最適當？",37,114,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":10},"nurse-106-2-psychiatric-community-011","有關電氣痙攣療法（electroconvulsive therapy, ECT）護理照護的敘述，下列何者正確？",11,106,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":42,"year":62,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-psychiatric-community-045","王先生外出用餐食用生鮮魚貝類，返家後開始出現下痢、腹痛、噁心、嘔吐、頭痛、腹瀉等急性腸胃不適，依此症狀判斷，最有可能由何種細菌引起？",107,"2026-09-04",1788510748905]