[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-2-psychiatric-community-009":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-112-2-精神科與社區衛生護理學-009","nurse-112-2-psychiatric-community-009",112,2,9,"依據卡普蘭（Caplan）危機理論的敘述，下列何者較適切？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"危機是事件本身，與個案情緒反應無關","危機形成和個案的因應機轉（coping mechanism）無關","個案在崩潰期，最常使用慣有的解決問題方法來因應","當危機問題持續未解決，升高的焦慮可能會導致個人崩潰","D",null,[],"本題考點是卡普蘭(Caplan)的危機理論。依卡普蘭觀點,危機是個體面對壓力事件、慣用因應方式失效後產生的失衡狀態;當問題持續未獲解決,焦慮會逐步升高,最終可能導致個人崩潰,故選 D。危機的形成取決於個體對事件的認知與情緒反應,而非事件本身,A 錯。危機與個案的因應機轉(coping mechanism)密切相關,慣用因應失敗正是危機的成因,B 錯。個案在崩潰期時慣有的解決方法已無效,才會陷入危機,C 錯。","卡普蘭將危機發展分為四階段:面對壓力先動用慣有因應→失敗使焦慮上升、嘗試新方法→再失敗則動員內外資源→若仍未解決則進入崩潰(重大人格解組)。危機的關鍵在失衡而非事件本身,且具時限性(通常 4 至 6 週),既是風險也是成長轉機。危機介入著重此時此地、聚焦問題解決與強化因應與支持系統。記憶重點:危機=事件+認知+因應失敗三者交互的結果。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"卡普蘭危機理論",1,{"term":28,"count":26},"因應機轉 coping mechanism",{"term":30,"count":26},"焦慮升高與崩潰",{"term":32,"count":26},"危機四階段",[34,38,43,48,53,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-112-2-psychiatric-community-010","下列何項為 BZD 類抗焦慮藥物？",10,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":9,"session":42},"nurse-112-3-psychiatric-community-026","有關全民健康保險的敘述，下列何者正確？①屬強制性社會保險 ②主要收入來源為保險費 ③被保險人所負擔的眷屬數最多計算到 3 人 ④除特殊對象外，採部分負擔制",26,3,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":10},"nurse-113-2-psychiatric-community-020","林小弟，7 歲，診斷為自閉症類群障礙症（autism spectrum disorder），近期在校出現暴力攻擊行為而入院接受治療，下列敘述何者正確？",20,113,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":42},"nurse-114-3-psychiatric-community-018","有關老年人自殺的特性，下列敘述何者最不適當？",18,114,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":26},"nurse-106-1-psychiatric-community-072","有關我國學校衛生的描述，下列何者錯誤？",72,106,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":41,"year":61,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-psychiatric-community-026","李太太呈現記憶力障礙，對人名及新近發生的事很快就忘記，護理師與李太太建立關係初期，應採何種方式較適當？",107,"2026-09-04",1788510748762]