[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":62},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-2-psychiatric-community-003":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":61},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-112-2-精神科與社區衛生護理學-003","nurse-112-2-psychiatric-community-003",112,2,3,"將自己內在無法接受的想法、慾望或衝動，歸咎成他人，讓自己減少一份威脅、危險，同時也增加一份保護的作用，此最可能為下列何種心理防衛機轉？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"外射（projection）","合理化（rationalization）","認同（identification）","反向行為（reaction formation）","A",null,[],"本題考點是心理防衛機轉的辨識。外射(projection)指個體把自己內在無法接受的想法、慾望或衝動歸咎於他人,藉此減輕內心威脅與焦慮並增加自我保護,與題幹描述完全吻合,故選 A。合理化(rationalization)是為不被接受的行為找看似合理的藉口,B 不符。認同(identification)是仿效他人特質以提升自我價值,C 不符。反向行為(reaction formation)是表現出與真實感受相反的行為,D 不符。","外射是妄想症與偏執特質的核心防衛機轉,例如把自己的敵意投射為別人要害我。辨識口訣:外射是把內在的東西丟出去給別人;認同是把別人的東西吸進來變成自己;反向是把感受翻成相反面向外表現;合理化是找藉口自圓其說。防衛機轉本身是潛意識的心理調節,過度或僵化使用才形成病理。臨床上區分投射(projection)與投射認同(projective identification)也是進階考點。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"外射 projection",1,{"term":28,"count":26},"合理化 rationalization",{"term":30,"count":26},"認同 identification",{"term":32,"count":26},"反向行為 reaction formation",[34,38,42,47,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-112-2-psychiatric-community-004","有關鋰鹽的敘述，下列何者正確？",4,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":9,"session":11},"nurse-112-3-psychiatric-community-020","出現柯沙寇夫症候群（Korsakoff’s syndrome）的酒精成癮者，其典型症狀為何？",20,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":10},"nurse-113-2-psychiatric-community-014","下列何者最可能為海洛因急性中毒的症狀？",14,113,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":11},"nurse-114-3-psychiatric-community-012","承上題，對楊小姐所進行之護理措施何者最不適當？",12,114,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":26},"nurse-106-1-psychiatric-community-066","臺灣地區新移民婦女在自我健康管理上的弱勢，主要與下列何者有關？",66,106,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":41,"year":60,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-psychiatric-community-020","蔡先生，26 歲，為雙相情緒障礙症病人（昔稱躁症），要求外出抽菸，不被接受時出現攻擊性行為，護理師之處置下列何者不適當？",107,"2026-09-04",1788510748698]