[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-065":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":37,"lastmod":65},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-112-2-內外科護理學-065","nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-065",112,2,65,"有關腎臟移植之合併症，下列敘述何者不適當？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"最常見的合併症是感染、出血","使用免疫抑制劑常出現肺部感染","術後高血壓可能因為腎動脈狹窄","出現胃潰瘍是因使用大量類固醇","A",null,[],"本題考點在腎臟移植術後合併症的正確認識，屬反向題,要找出不適當的敘述。依移植免疫學，術後最主要且最需警覺的合併症是排斥反應與感染，而非「感染、出血」並列為最常見,錯誤敘述為 A。使用免疫抑制劑會壓制免疫力，使病人易發生肺部等伺機性感染，故 B 正確。移植腎的腎動脈若吻合處狹窄會活化腎素-血管收縮素系統，導致術後高血壓，故 C 正確。長期大量類固醇會抑制胃黏膜保護並增加胃酸，易誘發消化性潰瘍，故 D 正確。","腎臟移植合併症可分免疫性(急性\u002F慢性排斥)與非免疫性(感染、藥物副作用、血管吻合問題)。排斥反應是移植特有且最受關注的併發症，感染則因終身免疫抑制而成為主要死因之一,出血屬手術即時風險但非長期最常見。免疫抑制劑(如 cyclosporine、tacrolimus、類固醇)帶來伺機性感染(肺囊蟲、CMV)、高血糖、高血壓與骨鬆。記憶要點:移植病人發燒先想感染與排斥兩條線並行評估。可連結移植排斥分型與抗排斥用藥監測複習。",[24,27,30,33,35],{"term":25,"count":26},"伺機性感染",7,{"term":28,"count":29},"免疫抑制劑",3,{"term":31,"count":32},"腎臟移植合併症",1,{"term":34,"count":32},"排斥反應",{"term":36,"count":32},"類固醇消化性潰瘍",[38,42,47,51,56,61],{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-066","黃女士的動脈血液氣體分析結果為完全代償性代謝性酸中毒，下列敘述何者正確？",66,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":32},"nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-032","下列何者是持續換氣不足病人之動脈血液氣體分析最可能出現的結果？",32,113,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":46,"session":29},"nurse-113-3-medical-surgical-026","相較於何杰金氏病，有關非何杰金氏淋巴瘤之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",26,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":32},"nurse-115-1-medical-surgical-024","王老太太意識恢復後，針對其目前的問題，下列護理措施何者正確？",24,115,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":10},"nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-048","有關過敏性疾病的實驗室檢查，下列何者錯誤？",48,106,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":10,"year":64,"session":32},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-002","有關正子電腦斷層攝影術（Positron Emission Tomography, PET）的敘述，下列何者正確？",108,"2026-09-04",1788510747851]