[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-012":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-112-2-內外科護理學-012","nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-012",112,2,12,"有關潰瘍性結腸炎（ulcerative colitis）的敘述，下列何者正確？①易侵犯全腸壁 ②易造成肛門瘻管 ③易有裡急後重感 ④糞便中經常帶血",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"①②","①④","②③","③④","D",null,[],"本題考點是潰瘍性結腸炎（ulcerative colitis）與克隆氏症（Crohn's disease）的鑑別，正解為③④（選 D）。依潰瘍性結腸炎的病理特徵，病灶侷限於大腸黏膜與黏膜下層、連續性從直腸往近端延伸：③直腸受侵犯會產生強烈的裡急後重感（tenesmus），正確；④黏膜表淺潰瘍與微膿瘍易出血，故常有血便甚至黏液血便，是本病典型表現，正確。①敘述錯誤，「侵犯全腸壁（透壁性）」與跳躍式病灶是克隆氏症特徵，潰瘍性結腸炎僅侵犯黏膜層；②敘述錯誤，肛門瘻管、廔管形成也是克隆氏症因透壁發炎而生的併發症，潰瘍性結腸炎少見，故含①或②的選項均不選。","兩種發炎性腸道疾病（IBD）的鑑別是必考重點，可用對比表記憶。潰瘍性結腸炎：侷限大腸、連續病灶、由直腸起始、只侵犯黏膜層、血便明顯、裡急後重、與大腸癌風險相關。克隆氏症：口腔到肛門任一段（好發迴腸末端）、跳躍式病灶、透壁性發炎、易形成廔管與瘻管及狹窄、脂肪便較常見、右下腹痛。記憶口訣：潰瘍性結腸炎＝「連續、表淺、血便、直腸起」；克隆氏症＝「跳躍、透壁、廔管、迴腸多」。兩者皆屬自體免疫相關的慢性發炎，都可能有腸道外表現（關節炎、虹彩炎、皮膚病灶）。",[24,27,29,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"潰瘍性結腸炎",4,{"term":28,"count":10},"裡急後重",{"term":30,"count":31},"克隆氏症鑑別",1,{"term":33,"count":31},"黏膜層病灶血便",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-013","有關腹膜炎常見的臨床表徵，下列何者錯誤？",13,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":9,"session":43},"nurse-112-3-medical-surgical-029","病人因住宅火警遭燒傷，身體後背部、右後上肢、左後上肢及左右臀部燒傷，以蘭德—布諾得（Lund & Browder）方法計算燒傷範圍，下列何者正確？",29,3,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":10},"nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-023","有關常見腫瘤標記的應用，下列何者正確？ ①癌胚抗原（CEA）可監測結腸直腸癌治療效果 ②癌抗原 125（CA125）可監測胰臟癌與消化道腫瘤 ③前列腺特異抗原（PSA）為前列腺癌的偵測與治療指標 ④癌抗原 15-3（CA15-3）可監測晚期或合併遠端轉移乳癌之治療反應 ⑤α-胎兒蛋白（AFP）為監測肺癌治療後的指標",23,113,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":43},"nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-021","有關真性紅血球增多症常見的併發症，下列敘述何者最不適當？",21,114,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":31},"nurse-106-1-medical-surgical-075","有關心肺復甦術時胸部按壓之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",75,106,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":42,"year":62,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-029","有關心肌梗塞使用 aspirin 之敘述，下列何者正確？",107,"2026-09-04",1788510747376]