[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-006":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-112-2-內外科護理學-006","nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-006",112,2,6,"張先生因高處跌下導致脊髓損傷住院，護理師可經由下列何種反射出現，而知張先生已渡過脊髓休克期？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"作嘔反射","肛門反射","頭眼反射","角膜反射","B",null,[],"本題考點是脊髓休克（spinal shock）恢復的判定指標——反射弧的重現。依脊髓休克的定義，急性脊髓損傷後損傷平面以下會暫時喪失所有反射活動（弛緩性癱瘓、無反射），當脊髓自主功能逐漸恢復時，最先回來的是薦椎節段的反射，其中肛門反射（球海綿體反射／肛門反射）的出現是脊髓休克結束的公認指標，故選 B。作嘔反射（A）由第九、十對腦神經支配，屬腦幹反射，與脊髓損傷平面無關；頭眼反射（C，娃娃眼反射）反映腦幹功能；角膜反射（D）由第五、七對腦神經構成，皆非脊髓反射，無法用來判斷脊髓休克是否結束。","脊髓休克指損傷後即刻出現的暫時性反射消失，通常持續數天至數週，恢復由尾端（薦椎）往頭端進行。球海綿體反射（bulbocavernous reflex，擠壓龜頭或牽扯導尿管會引發肛門括約肌收縮）的回復是最早、最可靠的分水嶺，臨床上一旦此反射重現，代表脊髓休克期結束，此時才能較準確評估神經損傷的完整與否及預後。需與「神經性休克（neurogenic shock）」區分：後者是交感神經失調造成的低血壓、心搏過緩，屬循環問題，兩者常同時出現於高位脊髓損傷但概念不同——一個講反射、一個講血流動力。",[24,27,30,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"脊髓休克",5,{"term":28,"count":29},"肛門反射(球海綿體反射)",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"薦椎反射弧",{"term":33,"count":29},"脊髓損傷評估",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-007","關於腦瘤伽馬刀（gamma knife）立體定位放射線手術之敘述，下列何者正確？①適用於直徑小於 3 公分腫瘤 ②不會有手術切開傷口 ③治療時間約需半小時 ④使用碘放射線射入腫瘤以破壞腫瘤細胞",7,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":9,"session":43},"nurse-112-3-medical-surgical-023","病人初次確診為缺鐵性貧血，醫囑須服用鐵劑，下列護理指導何者正確？",23,3,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":10},"nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-017","有關心包填塞之臨床表徵，下列何者錯誤？",17,113,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":43},"nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-015","有關扁桃腺炎，下列敘述何者最不適當？",15,114,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":29},"nurse-106-1-medical-surgical-069","有關糖尿病病人飲食控制原則之敘述，下列何者正確？",69,106,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":42,"year":62,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-023","有關鼻咽癌的常見病因，下列何者最不相關？",107,"2026-09-04",1788510747313]