[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-2-maternal-pediatric-071":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"產兒科護理學","maternal-pediatric",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-112-2-產兒科護理學-071","nurse-112-2-maternal-pediatric-071",112,2,71,"有關苯酮尿症病童之臨床症狀，下列敘述何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"出生即出現酮酸中毒","一般症狀包括嘔吐、尿、體汗有霉臭味","皮膚色澤呈現潮濕紅潤，髮色烏黑","黃疸、生長遲緩、白內障","B",null,[],"本題考點為苯酮尿症（PKU）的臨床表現。依 PKU 病生理，缺乏苯丙胺酸羥化酶使苯丙胺酸堆積並代謝為苯乙酸等物質，經尿液與汗液排出而產生特殊的霉味／鼠尿味，並常伴嘔吐，故選 B。A 錯在 PKU 不會於出生即出現酮酸中毒，其神經損害是苯丙胺酸長期堆積漸進造成，且新生兒早期多無症狀。C 錯在因苯丙胺酸代謝異常影響黑色素生成，患童多呈皮膚白皙、頭髮偏淡（金黃）、虹膜色淺，而非潮濕紅潤與烏黑髮色。D 錯在黃疸、白內障非 PKU 典型表現，其主要後果是未治療導致的智能障礙與神經症狀。","PKU 屬體染色體隱性遺傳的胺基酸代謝疾病，關鍵在苯丙胺酸羥化酶缺乏。特徵組合可記為「淡（膚淺髮金眼淺）、臭（霉味／鼠尿味）、遲（未治療致智能與發育遲緩）」。治療核心是新生兒篩檢早期發現，終生採低苯丙胺酸飲食（限制高蛋白、避免含 aspartame 的代糖）。早期飲食控制可預防不可逆的智能損害，是公共衛生篩檢的經典範例。",[24,27,29,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"苯酮尿症",4,{"term":28,"count":10},"低苯丙胺酸飲食",{"term":30,"count":31},"苯丙胺酸羥化酶缺乏",1,{"term":33,"count":31},"霉味尿",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-112-2-maternal-pediatric-072","小芳，17 歲，即將準備接受造血幹細胞移植，下列敘述何者錯誤？",72,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":31},"nurse-113-1-maternal-pediatric-038","陳小弟，5歲，罹患扁桃腺炎（tonsillitis），接受扁桃腺切除手術（tonsillectomy），下列術後護理何者正確？",38,113,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":48},"nurse-113-3-maternal-pediatric-032","3 歲的小杰生病住進了加護病房第 4 天，小杰顯得安靜、沉默以及對病房的事物不感興趣，其分離焦慮是處於那個時期？",32,3,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":31},"nurse-115-1-maternal-pediatric-030","有關兒童之健康評估結果，下列敘述何者顯示發展異常？",30,115,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":10},"nurse-106-2-maternal-pediatric-054","文華，9 歲，罹患淋巴癌末期，目前已轉移至骨頭，主訴右髖骨處很痛，經評估疼痛強度為八分，有關疼痛的護理措施，下列何者較為適當？",54,106,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":31},"nurse-108-1-maternal-pediatric-008","一般建議孕期無壓力試驗（NST）開始測試的時間點和目的之敘述，下列何者正確？",8,108,"2026-09-04",1788510748611]