[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-2-fundamental-nursing-055":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基本護理學與護理行政","fundamental-nursing","基本護理學(包括護理原理、護理技術)與護理行政",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-112-2-基本護理學與護理行政-055","nurse-112-2-fundamental-nursing-055",112,2,55,"有關臨終病人的護理措施，下列何者適當？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"維持環境安靜，護理師與家屬間儘量以耳語交談","白天時拉上窗簾，室內保持昏暗，減少視覺刺激","以病人的想法為優先考量","病人意識不清，出現嘎嘎聲時，予以抽痰並抬高下顎","C",null,[],"本題考點是臨終病人護理措施的核心價值——以病人自主與意願為優先。依安寧照護的全人與病人中心原則，臨終照護所有措施都應尊重病人的想法與偏好，故 C 正確。A 錯在耳語交談反而讓意識仍清醒的病人產生被隱瞞、被議論的不安，聽覺是臨終最後消失的感官，應以正常音量清楚溝通。B 錯在整天拉窗簾使室內昏暗並無實證益處，反而易造成日夜顛倒與定向感混亂，環境宜柔和而非刻意昏暗。D 錯在臨終瀕死期出現的嘎嘎聲(death rattle)是咽喉分泌物積聚，抽痰刺激反增加痛苦，處置應以側臥或協助引流為主而非常規抽痰。","臨終病人聽覺最晚喪失，是護理溝通的重要依據，故床邊避免耳語或談論病情。死亡嘎嘎聲(death rattle)源於病人已無力清除口咽分泌物，抽痰的機械刺激只會引發嗆咳與不適，安寧處置傾向抗膽鹼類藥物減少分泌、擺位引流，並向家屬衛教這是自然過程而非痛苦表現。病人中心照護(patient-centered care)強調以病人價值觀主導決策，是本題四選項中唯一符合安寧精神的普世原則。記憶口訣：臨終照護「順病人的意、留最後的聽」。",[25,27,30,32],{"term":26,"count":11},"臨終聽覺最後消失",{"term":28,"count":29},"病人中心照護",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"死亡嘎嘎聲",{"term":33,"count":29},"安寧照護原則",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-2-fundamental-nursing-056","林護理師為臨終的吳女士的主護護理師，常覺得無力感、焦慮不安，並向同事表示心情很低落，此時病房安排照護人力時，下列何者最適當？",56,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":29},"nurse-113-1-fundamental-nursing-022","病人配戴橡膠製成的活動假牙，有關假牙的清潔與使用，下列敘述何者正確？",22,113,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":48},"nurse-113-3-fundamental-nursing-016","有關輸血注意事項，下列敘述何者錯誤？",16,3,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":29},"nurse-115-1-fundamental-nursing-014","腳踝扭傷後三天，病人仍疼痛且患部有瘀青，但無水腫情況，給與該部位熱敷的作用機轉，下列敘述何者正確？",14,115,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-fundamental-nursing-038","使用下列何種藥物易導致便秘的問題？①長期使用抗生素 ②含鎂制酸劑 ③鐵劑 ④抗膽鹼激素藥物（如：Atropine） ⑤麻醉性止痛劑（如：Morphine）",38,106,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":11},"nurse-107-2-fundamental-nursing-072","為訓練護理師專業知識、技能，以提供病人整合性與連續性照護。設立下列何種委員會較為適合？",72,107,"2026-09-04",1788510747042]