[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-2-fundamental-nursing-033":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"基本護理學與護理行政","fundamental-nursing","基本護理學(包括護理原理、護理技術)與護理行政",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-112-2-基本護理學與護理行政-033","nurse-112-2-fundamental-nursing-033",112,2,33,"趙先生，47 歲，因口腔癌接受化學治療和放射線治療，口腔內兩側頰膜紅腫、並出現白色念珠菌感染（candidiasis），護理人員欲協助口腔護理，下列何種溶液最適用於含漱？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"5% chlorhexidine water","2% boric acid solution","nystatin suspension","sodium bicarbonate solution","C",null,[],"本題考點是口腔念珠菌感染(candidiasis)的含漱用藥選擇。依抗黴菌治療原則,白色念珠菌屬真菌感染,應選用抗黴菌藥 nystatin suspension(耐絲菌素懸液)含漱,直接作用於黴菌細胞膜,故選 C。A 的 chlorhexidine 是抗菌漱口水,對細菌與牙菌斑有效但非抗黴菌首選,且 5% 濃度過高刺激。B 的 boric acid 為弱防腐收斂劑,無抗黴菌療效。D 的 sodium bicarbonate(碳酸氫鈉)溶液可鹼化口腔、溶解黏稠分泌物與清潔,常用於一般口腔護理,但無法治療念珠菌感染。因此針對黴菌,只有 nystatin 對症。","口腔念珠菌感染好發於免疫低下者,如化療、放療、長期使用類固醇或廣效抗生素、糖尿病病人,臨床見頰黏膜與舌面白色乳凝塊狀斑,刮除後底部易滲血。Nystatin 為多烯類(polyene)抗黴菌藥,與真菌細胞膜的麥角固醇(ergosterol)結合造成細胞膜穿孔而殺菌;含漱時應讓藥液在口內停留數分鐘再吞下或吐出以延長接觸。碳酸氫鈉溶液可作為輔助口腔清潔以清除白色斑塊與鹼化環境,但屬支持性措施而非治療藥;釐清「清潔」與「治療」的差別是本題關鍵。",[25,27,30,32],{"term":26,"count":11},"口腔念珠菌感染",{"term":28,"count":29},"nystatin 抗黴菌",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"多烯類藥理機轉",{"term":33,"count":29},"免疫低下口腔護理",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-2-fundamental-nursing-034","接受痔瘡切除的病人最適合採取下列何種姿勢？",34,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":10,"session":43},"nurse-112-3-fundamental-nursing-050","有關護理主管面對危機應有的職責，下列敘述何者正確？",50,3,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":11},"nurse-113-2-fundamental-nursing-044","依 Sullivan（2008）提出問題解決過程的七步驟中，首要進行下列那一步驟？",44,113,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":43},"nurse-114-3-fundamental-nursing-042","有關護理所使用病人分類系統（patient classification system, PCS）的功能或優點，下列敘述何者最不適當？",42,114,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-fundamental-nursing-016","有關胰島素注射之敘述，下列何者正確？",16,106,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":42,"year":62,"session":11},"nurse-107-2-fundamental-nursing-050","有關古勒羅斯博士（Dr. Kubler-Ross）所提出瀕死的心理變化及其護理，下列何者正確？",107,"2026-09-04",1788510746878]