[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-2-fundamental-nursing-030":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"基本護理學與護理行政","fundamental-nursing","基本護理學(包括護理原理、護理技術)與護理行政",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-112-2-基本護理學與護理行政-030","nurse-112-2-fundamental-nursing-030",112,2,30,"尿液中出現膽紅素，可能是因為下列何種狀況所致？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"脫水","泌尿道感染","阻塞性黃疸","腎臟病","C",null,[],"本題考點是尿中膽紅素出現的病理機轉。依膽紅素代謝,尿中出現的是「結合型(直接型)膽紅素」,它水溶性高才能經腎排入尿液;當膽道阻塞(阻塞性黃疸)時,已在肝臟結合的膽紅素無法排入腸道,逆流入血並經腎臟排出,使尿液呈茶色並驗出膽紅素,故選 C。A 脫水只會使尿液濃縮變深黃,不含膽紅素。B 泌尿道感染表現為膿尿、白血球、亞硝酸鹽陽性,而非膽紅素。D 一般腎臟病主要出現蛋白尿或血尿,並非膽紅素尿。","關鍵在區分「結合型 vs 非結合型膽紅素」:非結合型(間接型)不溶於水、與白蛋白結合,無法通過腎絲球,故溶血性黃疸尿中驗不到膽紅素;結合型(直接型)水溶性,肝後阻塞或肝細胞性黃疸時逆流入血才會出現於尿中。因此「尿膽紅素陽性」提示膽道阻塞或肝細胞損傷,而非溶血。可搭配尿膽素原(urobilinogen)一起判讀:阻塞性黃疸時膽汁進不了腸道,尿膽素原反而減少,形成「尿膽紅素↑、尿膽素原↓」的典型組合,是鑑別黃疸類型的重要指標。",[25,27,28,31],{"term":26,"count":11},"膽紅素代謝",{"term":17,"count":11},{"term":29,"count":30},"結合型膽紅素水溶性",1,{"term":32,"count":30},"尿膽素原鑑別",[34,38,43,48,53,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-2-fundamental-nursing-031","病人解出黏液便，下列護理師的解釋何者較為適當？",31,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":42},"nurse-112-3-fundamental-nursing-047","某新進護理師找護理臨床教師（preceptor）討論須改進的知識及技能，護理臨床教師可使用下列何種權力影響此新進人員？",47,3,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":11},"nurse-113-2-fundamental-nursing-041","有關應用赫茲伯格（Herzberg）雙因子理論之激勵因素，減少護理人員倦勤與異動所採取的措施，下列何者正確？",41,113,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":42},"nurse-114-3-fundamental-nursing-039","有關護理部採分權式組織結構，下列敘述何者最適當？",39,114,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-fundamental-nursing-013","有關護理計畫的擬定，下列何者錯誤？",13,106,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":41,"year":61,"session":11},"nurse-107-2-fundamental-nursing-047","楊先生昏迷多時，現口鼻部有大量分泌物，為他翻身時最適當的姿勢為：",107,"2026-09-04",1788510746851]