[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-046":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":66},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-112-2-基礎醫學-046","nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-046",112,2,46,"下列針對炭疽桿菌（Bacillus anthracis）的敘述，何者正確？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"很少引發肺炎","多醣體莢膜是一重要的毒力因子","皮膚型炭疽病的致死率最高","腸胃型炭疽病會造成上吐下瀉，致死率極低","A",null,[],"本題考點是炭疽桿菌的特性。依微生物學,炭疽以皮膚型最常見(約占九成),肺型(吸入型)雖罕見卻致死率最高,故「很少引發肺炎」的描述正確,選 A。B 錯在莢膜成分:炭疽桿菌的莢膜是多胜肽(poly-D-glutamic acid)而非多醣體,雖確為毒力因子但成分敘述錯誤;C 錯在皮膚型的致死率其實最低(治療下多可痊癒),致死率最高的是吸入型;D 錯在腸胃型炭疽雖會嘔吐腹瀉,但致死率高並非極低。","毒力因子記憶:炭疽兩大關鍵是①多胜肽莢膜(抗吞噬)②三成分外毒素(保護抗原 PA、致死因子 LF、水腫因子 EF)。致死率排序:吸入型(縱膈腔出血,最致命)>腸胃型>皮膚型。菌體特徵:革蘭氏陽性、產孢、兩端平整的竹節狀排列。可連結:芽孢耐熱耐乾燥,是生物恐怖攻擊的經典媒介。",[25,28,30,32,34],{"term":26,"count":27},"炭疽桿菌",1,{"term":29,"count":27},"多胜肽莢膜",{"term":31,"count":27},"吸入型炭疽致死率",{"term":33,"count":27},"皮膚型炭疽",{"term":35,"count":27},"炭疽外毒素",[37,41,46,51,56,61],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-047","下列關於產氣梭孢桿菌（Clostridium perfringens）的敘述，何者錯誤？",47,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":27},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-043","有關抗體的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",43,113,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":45,"session":50},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-037","小玉是位有心臟病病史的膀胱癌病人，正在使用化療藥物 cisplatin，因出現嘔吐副作用，此時使用下列何種止吐劑最合適？",37,3,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":27},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-035","下列何者不是三環類抗憂鬱藥物之作用機制？",35,115,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-059","下列藥物何者是屬於治療氣喘之用藥？",59,106,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":27},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-013","肺部的那一種細胞，主要負責分泌表面張力劑(surfactant)，可以降低肺泡內的表面張力，避免肺泡塌陷？",13,108,"2026-09-04",1788510746531]