[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-045":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":37,"lastmod":66},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-112-2-基礎醫學-045","nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-045",112,2,45,"下列何種自體免疫疾病，病人體內會有 IgG 抗體對抗腎臟基底膜上第四型膠原蛋白，引起腎組織內的發炎反應？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"全身性紅斑狼瘡（Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, SLE）","古德帕斯丘氏症候群（Goodpasture’s syndrome）","類風溼關節炎（Rheumatoid arthritis）","多發性硬化症（Multiple sclerosis）","B",null,[],"本題考點是抗腎小球基底膜抗體疾病。依自體免疫病理,古德帕斯丘氏症候群(Goodpasture's syndrome)的自體抗體為 IgG,標的是第四型膠原蛋白 α3 鏈上的 NC1 抗原,此抗原同時存在於腎絲球基底膜與肺泡基底膜,故引起腎絲球腎炎合併肺出血,選 B。A 的全身性紅斑狼瘡是抗核抗體與免疫複合體沉積,非單一抗第四型膠原蛋白;C 的類風濕性關節炎以類風濕因子與抗 CCP 抗體攻擊關節滑膜;D 的多發性硬化症是 T 細胞介導中樞神經髓鞘去髓鞘化,與腎基底膜無關。","機轉記憶:Goodpasture 抗體屬第二型過敏反應(抗體對抗自身組織固定抗原),免疫螢光下腎切片呈現沿基底膜的「線狀(linear)IgG 沉積」,可與 SLE 的「顆粒狀(granular)沉積」對比記憶。臨床三聯:咳血、血尿蛋白尿、抗 GBM 抗體陽性。可連結:第四型膠原蛋白也與 Alport 症候群(遺傳性)相關,兩者標的同一分子但機轉不同。",[25,28,31,33,35],{"term":26,"count":27},"第二型過敏反應",3,{"term":29,"count":30},"古德帕斯丘氏症候群",1,{"term":32,"count":30},"抗腎小球基底膜抗體",{"term":34,"count":30},"第四型膠原蛋白",{"term":36,"count":30},"線狀 IgG 沉積",[38,42,47,51,56,61],{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-046","下列針對炭疽桿菌（Bacillus anthracis）的敘述，何者正確？",46,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":30},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-042","下列那個酵素主要負責B細胞的體細胞超突變（somatic hypermutation）？",42,113,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":46,"session":27},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-036","下列藥物中，何者為抗凝血劑（anticoagulant），主要用於預防深層靜脈栓塞（deep vein thrombosis）生成？",36,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":30},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-034","緩解支氣管平滑肌痙攣（bronchospasm），使用下列何種藥物最佳？",34,115,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-058","下列降血壓藥物中，何者具有血管擴張作用，且臨床上可用於良性前列腺肥大症（BPH）？",58,106,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":30},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-012","有關食道之敘述何者正確？",12,108,"2026-09-04",1788510746522]