[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-039":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-112-2-基礎醫學-039","nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-039",112,2,39,"Leucovorin 常用於降低下列何種抗癌藥物之副作用？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"cladribine","cytarabine","fludarabine","methotrexate","D",null,[],"本題考點在於 Leucovorin(亞葉酸)的解救(rescue)用途。依藥理機轉,methotrexate 為葉酸拮抗劑,抑制二氫葉酸還原酶而阻斷 DNA 合成;Leucovorin 為已還原的葉酸型,可繞過被阻斷的酵素、補充正常細胞所需的四氫葉酸,降低 methotrexate 對正常細胞的毒性,故選 D。A cladribine、B cytarabine、C fludarabine 皆為抗代謝類抗癌藥但作用於嘌呤或嘧啶類似物途徑,並非以亞葉酸解救為對應機轉。","經典組合記憶:「MTX 中毒,leucovorin 來救」——高劑量 methotrexate 治療後給予亞葉酸解救,保護骨髓與腸黏膜等正常細胞免於葉酸缺乏毒性。相對地,治療大腸癌時 leucovorin 反而「增強」5-FU 的作用,顯示同一藥在不同組合下角色相反。可連結葉酸代謝、二氫葉酸還原酶抑制與抗代謝化療藥分類一併複習。",[25,28,29,32,34],{"term":26,"count":27},"二氫葉酸還原酶",3,{"term":18,"count":11},{"term":30,"count":31},"Leucovorin",1,{"term":33,"count":31},"葉酸拮抗劑",{"term":35,"count":31},"解救療法",[37,41,46,50,55,60],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-040","下列何種青黴素衍生物，可用於治療綠膿桿菌（Pseudomonas aeruginosa）之感染？",40,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":31},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-036","口服抗凝血劑warfarin中毒出血時，應如何救治最好？",36,113,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":45,"session":27},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-030","甲狀腺乳突癌（papillary carcinoma），下列何者最少見？",30,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":31},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-028","有關性傳播疾病（sexually transmitted infections, STIs）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",28,115,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-052","下列那一藥物適用於阿茲海默症之治療？",52,106,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":31},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-006","下列何者直接與副睪相連？",6,108,"2026-09-04",1788510746480]