[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-035":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-112-2-基礎醫學-035","nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-035",112,2,35,"下列抗組織胺藥物中，何者可用於改善蕁麻疹（Urticaria）症狀，亦常用於預防暈車暈船？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"diphenhydramine","loratadine","fexofenadine","cetirizine","A",null,[],"本題考點在於第一代與第二代抗組織胺的區分。依藥理特性，diphenhydramine 為第一代 H1 抗組織胺，脂溶性高、能穿越血腦屏障並具抗膽鹼與中樞鎮靜作用，除改善蕁麻疹外，其抗前庭與止吐特性使其常用於預防暈車暈船，故選 A。B loratadine、C fexofenadine、D cetirizine 皆為第二代抗組織胺，較不進入中樞、嗜睡副作用少，因此不具明顯抗動暈效果，僅用於過敏症狀控制。","抗組織胺分代記憶:第一代(diphenhydramine、dimenhydrinate、chlorpheniramine)＝親脂、過血腦屏障、嗜睡＋抗暈車;第二代(loratadine、cetirizine、fexofenadine)＝低鎮靜、日間過敏首選。抗動暈原理來自阻斷前庭至嘔吐中樞的組織胺與膽鹼訊號。第一代因鎮靜作用亦被用於助眠與止吐。可連結 H1 vs H2 受體與抗膽鹼副作用(口乾、尿滯留)一併複習。",[25,28,30,31,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"抗組織胺",1,{"term":29,"count":27},"第一代 H1 拮抗劑",{"term":15,"count":27},{"term":32,"count":27},"暈車暈船",{"term":34,"count":27},"血腦屏障",[36,40,45,50,55,60],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-036","下列降血脂藥物中，何者可使脂肪組織血管內之脂蛋白脂解酶（lipoprotein lipase）生成量增加，而使血中三酸甘油脂濃度降低，主要用於治療高三酸甘油脂血症（hypertriglyceridemia）？",36,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":27},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-032","下列何者最常用於緊急治療過敏性休克（anaphylactic shock）？",32,113,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":49},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-026","血液中何種白血球增多與過敏性疾病（allergic diseases）最相關？",26,3,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":27},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-024","有關流行性感冒病毒（influenza virus），下列敘述何者正確？",24,115,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-048","波特氏病（Pott disease）與那種病變最有關係？",48,106,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":11,"year":63,"session":27},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-002","下列有關內分泌腺的敘述，何者正確？",108,"2026-09-04",1788510746441]