[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-028":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-112-2-基礎醫學-028","nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-028",112,2,28,"病毒會針對特定細胞或組織造成傷害，取決於病毒的組織趨向性（tropism），下列何因素對組織趨向性的影響最小？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"宿主細胞表面的受體蛋白","宿主細胞膜的脂肪組成","宿主細胞內特殊的轉錄因子","宿主細胞物理性的屏障，如溫度、pH 值","B",null,[],"本題考點在於決定病毒組織趨向性（tropism）的因素，屬反向題（問影響最小者）。依病毒學，趨向性主要取決於宿主細胞表面是否具備病毒可辨識結合的受體蛋白（A）、細胞內是否有支持病毒基因表現的特殊轉錄因子（C），以及溫度、pH 等物理性屏障（D）。相對而言，宿主細胞膜的脂肪組成（B）對病毒能否辨識並感染特定細胞影響最小，故選 B。此題核心是「受體與細胞內環境」才是趨向性的主要決定關卡。","病毒趨向性是「鑰匙對鎖」概念：病毒表面蛋白（鑰匙）需與宿主細胞受體（鎖）契合才能進入，這解釋為何 HIV 專攻帶 CD4 的 T 細胞、肝炎病毒偏好肝細胞。進入後還需細胞內轉錄\u002F複製機器與轉錄因子配合，才能完成感染循環。膜脂質組成主要影響膜流動性而非專一辨識，故為影響最小者。可連結受體專一性與抗病毒藥物阻斷進入的機轉一併複習。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"病毒組織趨向性",1,{"term":29,"count":27},"受體蛋白",{"term":31,"count":27},"轉錄因子",{"term":33,"count":27},"病毒感染機轉",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-029","食道腺癌（Esophageal Adenocarcinoma）與下列何者的關係最為密切？",29,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":27},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-025","社區性肺炎（community-acquired pneumonia）指的是患者在日常生活環境中所得到的感染，而非在醫院中的感染。引起典型社區性肺炎最常見的致病菌為何？",25,113,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":48},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-019","有關氣胸（pneumothorax）後的敘述，下列何者最適當？",19,3,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":27},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-017","下列有關子宮內膜（endometrium）的敘述，何者正確？",17,115,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-041","下列有關缺鐵性貧血（iron deficiency anemia）的診斷條件，何者錯誤？",41,106,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":11},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-075","白色念珠菌（C. albicans）的結構及生理特性，下列何者錯誤？",75,107,"2026-09-04",1788510746374]