[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-014":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-112-2-基礎醫學-014","nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-014",112,2,14,"生長激素對胰島素代謝有何影響？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"增加胰島素受體數目","減少胰島素受體數目","增加胰島素受體之親和力","減少胰島素受體之親和力","B",null,[],"本題考點在於生長激素的抗胰島素（糖尿病生成性，diabetogenic）作用。依內分泌調控，生長激素會促進脂肪分解與肝醣分解、升高血糖，並降低週邊組織對胰島素的敏感性，其機轉之一即為減少細胞膜上胰島素受體數目，使胰島素作用效率下降，故選 B。A、C、D 皆屬「增強胰島素作用」方向：增加受體數目或提高受體親和力都會使胰島素更有效，與生長激素的拮抗性質相反；D 雖為抑制方向但作用在親和力而非受體數目，非其主要機轉。這也是生長激素分泌過多（如肢端肥大症）易併發葡萄糖耐受不良的原因。","生長激素為典型的升糖荷爾蒙（counter-regulatory hormone），與皮質醇、升糖素、腎上腺素同組對抗胰島素。記憶要點：GH「省糖用脂」，讓身體優先燃燒脂肪、保留葡萄糖給生長所需，故造成胰島素阻抗。肢端肥大症患者常見第二型糖尿病傾向，即源於此下調受體與降低訊號傳遞的機轉，可連結胰島素受體酪胺酸激酶訊號路徑一併複習。",[25,28,31,34],{"term":26,"count":27},"生長激素",7,{"term":29,"count":30},"胰島素阻抗",3,{"term":32,"count":33},"胰島素受體",1,{"term":35,"count":33},"升糖荷爾蒙",[37,41,46,50,54,59],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-015","有關人類精子的敘述，下列何者正確？",15,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":33},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-011","下列那一種細胞分泌激素的主要功能，與副甲狀腺素（parathyroid hormone）的作用相反？",11,113,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":45,"session":30},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-005","關於第 7 肋骨的描述下列何者錯誤？",5,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":30,"year":53,"session":33},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-003","當一個人正在思考如何解決問題時，大腦那一區域活性最高？",115,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-027","在正常的心電圖中，QRS 複合波是因下列何者產生的？",27,106,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":11},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-061","關於催產激素 oxytocin 的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",61,107,"2026-09-04",1788510746253]