[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-013":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-112-2-基礎醫學-013","nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-013",112,2,13,"下列何者腦區受損與順向失憶症（Anterograde Amnesia）最為相關？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"海馬迴（hippocampus）","小腦（cerebellum）","運動皮質（motor cortex）","橋腦（pons）","A",null,[],"本題考點在於記憶形成的腦區定位與順向失憶症的關聯。依神經解剖生理，海馬迴（hippocampus）為將短期記憶固化為長期記憶的關鍵構造，一旦雙側受損，患者無法形成受傷後的新記憶（即順向失憶症，anterograde amnesia），故選A。B小腦主司運動協調與程序性學習；C運動皮質負責隨意動作的執行；D橋腦為腦幹傳導與呼吸等生命中樞，三者受損不會造成新記憶無法建立的順向失憶，故排除。","海馬迴屬邊緣系統，是陳述性（外顯）記憶固化的樞紐；經典案例H.M.因雙側海馬迴切除後，舊記憶大致保留卻無法形成新的長期記憶，成為順向失憶的教科書證據。對比：順向失憶「傷後記不住新事」、逆向失憶（retrograde）「忘掉傷前舊事」。程序性記憶（技能）則依賴小腦與基底核，故海馬迴受損者仍可學會新動作卻記不得曾學過。記憶口訣「海馬存新檔，壞了存不進」。可連結阿茲海默症早期海馬迴萎縮與Papez環路一併複習。",[25,28,31,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"邊緣系統",3,{"term":29,"count":30},"海馬迴",1,{"term":32,"count":30},"順向失憶症",{"term":34,"count":30},"長期記憶固化",[36,40,45,49,53,58],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-014","生長激素對胰島素代謝有何影響？",14,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":30},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-010","調節消化道平滑肌收縮，最主要的離子為下列何者？",10,113,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":27},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-004","DNA 雙股結構中的腺嘌呤（adenine）主要與下列何者配對？",4,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":11,"year":52,"session":30},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-002","手舉起椅子一動也不動地罰站，此時維持靜止且正在施力的上臂肌肉之收縮型態為下列何者？",115,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-026","迷走神經末梢分泌之乙醯膽鹼（acetylcholine）可以使心跳速率減慢，其原因為促使心臟節律性細胞（pacemaker cell）：",26,106,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":11},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-060","下列醛固酮（aldosterone）的拮抗劑中，何者可作為降血壓藥物，但不抑制睪丸酮（testosterone）之合成？",60,107,"2026-09-04",1788510746242]