[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-003":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":62},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-112-2-基礎醫學-003","nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-003",112,2,3,"下列何者不具細胞核？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"紅血球（red blood cell）","白血球（white blood cell）","巨噬細胞（macrophage）","神經元（neuron）","A",null,[],"本題考點在於成熟細胞是否具有細胞核的辨識。依血液學，哺乳類成熟紅血球（red blood cell）在發育末期會排出細胞核與大部分胞器，以雙凹圓盤形態最大化血紅素攜氧空間並增加變形能力通過微血管，因此成熟紅血球不具細胞核，選A。B白血球（含各類顆粒球與淋巴球）皆有細胞核、負責免疫；C巨噬細胞是活躍的吞噬細胞、具核；D神經元有明顯細胞核與尼氏體，三者均具細胞核，故排除。","成熟紅血球去核是為攜氧最佳化的演化設計：無核、無粒線體使其僅能靠無氧糖解產能、不耗用自身攜帶的氧，並提升變形性。人類正常循環紅血球無核；網狀紅血球（reticulocyte）已無核但殘留RNA，可作為骨髓造血活性指標。記憶重點：血中「唯一無核」的是成熟紅血球（血小板為細胞碎片、本就無核不算細胞）。可連結紅血球生命週期120天與脾臟清除老化紅血球一併複習。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"成熟紅血球去核",1,{"term":29,"count":27},"攜氧最佳化",{"term":31,"count":27},"白血球有核",{"term":33,"count":27},"細胞構造",[35,39,43,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-004","下列何者無法執行閉口的動作？",4,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":10,"session":12},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-050","下列何種疾病最常藉由埃及斑蚊（Aedes aegypti）傳播？",50,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":11},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-044","有關結核分枝桿菌（Mycobacterium tuberculosis），下列敘述何者最適當？",44,113,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":12},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-042","下列何種抗體常以雙聚體方式分泌？",42,114,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-016","下列何者屬於邊緣系統？",16,106,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":42,"year":61,"session":11},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-050","Clozapine 比典型抗精神病藥產生較少的中樞副作用（錐體外症狀, extrapyramidal syndromes），其原因為何？",107,"2026-09-04",1788510746181]