[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":62},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-002":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":61},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":11},"nurse-112-2-基礎醫學-002","nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-002",112,2,"下列何神經興奮可使膀胱壁之迫尿肌收縮、尿道內括約肌舒張？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"骨盆交感神經","直腸下神經","骨盆內臟神經","陰部神經","C",null,[],"本題考點在於排尿反射的自主神經支配機轉。依排尿生理，副交感神經（骨盆內臟神經，pelvic splanchnic nerves，源自S2～S4）興奮時，促使膀胱逼尿肌（detrusor muscle）收縮並使尿道內括約肌舒張，共同完成排尿，故選C。A骨盆交感神經（源自下腹下神經叢）作用相反，抑制逼尿肌、收縮內括約肌以儲尿；B直腸下神經支配肛門外括約肌與排便，與排尿無關；D陰部神經（pudendal nerve）為軀體神經，控制的是尿道外括約肌的隨意收縮，並非造成逼尿肌收縮，故均排除。","排尿的三套神經：副交感（骨盆內臟神經，S2-4）主「排尿」——逼尿肌收縮＋內括約肌鬆弛；交感（下腹神經，T11-L2）主「儲尿」——逼尿肌鬆弛＋內括約肌收縮；陰部神經（軀體）控外括約肌隨意開關。記憶口訣「副交感放水、交感存水、陰部把關」。逼尿肌上以毒蕈鹼M3受體為主，故抗膽鹼藥可治膀胱過動。可連結脊髓損傷後神經性膀胱與排尿中樞（腦橋排尿中樞）一併複習。",[24,26,29,31],{"term":25,"count":11},"排尿反射",{"term":27,"count":28},"骨盆內臟神經副交感",1,{"term":30,"count":28},"逼尿肌收縮",{"term":32,"count":28},"尿道括約肌",[34,38,42,47,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-003","下列何者不具細胞核？",3,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":37},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-049","恐水症（hydrophobia）症狀的病人，是感染下列何種病毒的特殊病徵？",49,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":11},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-043","下列何種細胞具有抑制 CD4 與 CD8 T 細胞活性的功能？",43,113,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":37},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-041","泌尿道細菌感染的病人尿液複檢，卻呈現細菌培養陰性的結果，下列原因何者最為可能？",41,114,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-015","負責調節眼球晶狀體曲度的神經是：",15,106,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":41,"year":60,"session":11},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-049","肝臟代謝藥物的反應可分為第一相（phase I）及第二相（phase II）。有關藥物代謝的敘述，下列何者正確？",107,"2026-09-04",1788510746161]