[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-1-psychiatric-community-079":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":62},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-112-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-079","nurse-112-1-psychiatric-community-079",112,1,79,"社區護理師家訪過程，失智症個案王老先生反覆問：「小姐請問你是誰？叫什麼大名？」護理師應採何種應對方式最適宜？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"不用正面回答，這是疾病特性之一","對話過程，多次做簡短自我介紹","請個案將護理師姓名背起來，當他問時，反問他","告知名字不是重要議題，應先關注疾病問題","B",null,[],"本題考點在於失智症個案溝通的定向與尊嚴維護原則。失智症患者近期記憶與定向感受損，會反覆詢問人事物，最適當的應對是以簡短、和緩的方式「多次做簡短自我介紹」，重複提供定向資訊、維持個案安全感與被尊重的感受，故選B。A完全不正面回答忽略了個案的定向需求；C要求個案背名字並反問，違背其記憶退化的病理、徒增挫折；D以「名字不重要、先關注疾病」否定個案感受、缺乏同理，皆不符失智溝通原則，故排除。","本題情境屬於失智症的現實導向（reality orientation）與同理溝通。原則包括：簡短清楚的一句話、避免爭辯與糾正、重複而耐心地提供定向線索（人、時、地）、保持眼神接觸與溫和語調。切忌考驗記憶（如要求背誦、反問測驗），因為只會放大失敗經驗與焦躁。記憶重點：對失智者「重複給訊息、不要考記憶、不否定感受」。可連結確認療法（validation therapy）與問題行為的非藥物處置一併複習。",[24,27,30,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"現實導向",3,{"term":28,"count":29},"定向感維護",2,{"term":31,"count":10},"失智症溝通",{"term":33,"count":10},"同理溝通原則",[35,39,43,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-psychiatric-community-080","有關衰弱（frailty）的敘述，下列何者最不適宜？",80,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":9,"session":26},"nurse-112-3-psychiatric-community-016","李同學，18 歲，第一次被診斷為第一型雙相情緒障礙症，護理師向李同學及家屬進行護理指導時，下列何者最適宜？",16,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":29},"nurse-113-2-psychiatric-community-010","楊小姐，診斷為思覺失調症，住院後在病床存有大量零食。下列護理措施何者最適切？",10,113,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":26},"nurse-114-3-psychiatric-community-008","李先生的妻女在一次意外事件中相繼過世，有關李先生對此事件的心理調適防衛機轉，下列敘述何者最適當？",8,114,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":10},"nurse-106-1-psychiatric-community-062","下列那個評估工具，可用以了解家庭遺傳性疾病及世代間的關係？",62,106,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":42,"year":61,"session":29},"nurse-107-2-psychiatric-community-016","伍先生，28 歲，診斷為思覺失調症（昔稱精神分裂症），在家排行老么，發病至今已 5 年多，父母為主要照顧者，對個案感到愧疚認為是延誤就醫而造成個案生病，不希望兒子吃藥吃到笨笨的而自行調藥，個案平時在家協助父母管理房屋租賃的事務，最近因為出現自語現象，目前入院一週，個案外觀整齊，沉默，少與他人互動，生活可自理，但每天下午四點會站在大門前等待家人協助洗澡，觀察個案與家人互動融洽，溝通無礙，下列那一項是照顧個案的首要任務？",107,"2026-09-04",1788510743847]