[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-078":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":38,"lastmod":66},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-112-1-內外科護理學-078","nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-078",112,1,78,"有關敗血症生理病理機轉之敘述，下列何者正確？①細菌感染引發腫瘤壞死因子活化產生微小血栓 ②微生物侵入人體造成微血管通透性增加、全身循環血量增加 ③全身代謝狀態升高造成細胞耗氧量增加，但組織血流灌注降低，產生代謝性酸中毒 ④因心臟受刺激出現血壓上升，可能引發尿量增加",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"①②","①③","②④","③④","B",null,[],"本題考點為敗血症的病生理機轉。①細菌感染活化腫瘤壞死因子（TNF）等發炎介質、促凝血形成微小血栓；③全身代謝亢進使細胞耗氧上升，但微循環灌注不足導致組織缺氧、代謝性酸中毒，兩者正確，選 B。②錯在微血管通透性增加會使血漿外滲、全身循環血量「下降」而非增加；④錯在敗血性休克血壓下降、尿量減少，非血壓上升尿量增加，故凡含②或④的選項皆排除。","敗血症核心為失控的全身發炎反應（SIRS）：TNF-α、IL-1、IL-6 引發血管擴張、通透性增加與瀰漫性血管內凝血（DIC）。血漿外滲導致有效循環量↓、組織灌流↓、乳酸堆積。記憶：發炎介質→微血栓＋微血管漏＋血管擴張→分佈性休克合併代謝性酸中毒。",[24,27,30,33,36],{"term":25,"count":26},"代謝性酸中毒",22,{"term":28,"count":29},"敗血症",7,{"term":31,"count":32},"組織灌流",5,{"term":34,"count":35},"腫瘤壞死因子",2,{"term":37,"count":35},"微血管通透性",[39,43,48,53,57,62],{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-079","下列何者不需採取腸道隔離？",79,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":9,"session":47},"nurse-112-3-medical-surgical-015","有關美尼爾氏症（Meniere’s syndrome）之敘述，下列何者正確？①內耳淋巴水腫引起 ②眩暈及耳朵疼痛是典型症狀 ③可能導致單側傳導性聽力喪失 ④耳鳴是典型症狀",15,3,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":35},"nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-009","有關急性膽囊炎病人的疼痛評估與處置，下列何者正確？",9,113,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":29,"year":56,"session":47},"nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-007","有關胃食道逆流之護理指導，下列敘述何者最適當？①採床頭抬高的姿勢睡覺 ②穿緊身衣防止胃內容物逆流 ③進食後需躺平休息 ④避免提重物或彎腰運動",114,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":10},"nurse-106-1-medical-surgical-061","接受根除性腎臟切除術之病人，術後 24～48 小時需監測有無腎上腺功能不足之症狀，下列何者錯誤？",61,106,{"webId":63,"stem":64,"number":46,"year":65,"session":35},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-015","有關肝硬化主要之合併症，下列何者錯誤？",107,"2026-09-04",1788510742391]