[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-068":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":25},"nurse-112-1-內外科護理學-068","nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-068",112,1,68,"一位 18 歲女性主訴最近發現全身皮膚起紅疹、口腔潰瘍、關節疼痛、偶有頭痛，另血紅素及血小板降低、抗核抗體升高，下列何者為其最可能之診斷？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"痛風性關節炎","全身性紅斑性狼瘡","後天免疫缺乏症候群","類風濕性關節炎","B",null,[],"本題考點在於自體免疫疾病的鑑別診斷。18 歲年輕女性出現皮膚紅疹、口腔潰瘍、關節疼痛、頭痛，合併血紅素與血小板降低（血液侵犯）及抗核抗體（ANA）升高，此多系統侵犯加上 ANA 陽性的組合最符合全身性紅斑性狼瘡，故選 B。A 痛風性關節炎為尿酸沉積、好發中老年男性、無 ANA 與多系統血液侵犯；C 後天免疫缺乏症候群以伺機性感染為主、非 ANA 升高；D 類風濕性關節炎以對稱性小關節破壞與類風濕因子為主，不典型出現此組合，故均排除。","SLE 好發育齡女性，可用 ACR\u002FEULAR 分類與記憶口訣審視多系統侵犯：頰部蝴蝶斑、光敏感、口腔潰瘍、關節炎、漿膜炎、腎炎、神經精神症狀、血液異常（溶血性貧血、白血球或血小板低下）與免疫學指標（ANA、抗 dsDNA、抗 Sm）。ANA 敏感度高但特異度較低，抗 dsDNA 與抗 Sm 特異度高。可對比 RA 以侵蝕性對稱多關節炎與抗 CCP 為特徵。",[24,26,29,31,33],{"term":15,"count":25},12,{"term":27,"count":28},"抗核抗體 ANA",3,{"term":30,"count":10},"多系統侵犯",{"term":32,"count":10},"血液異常",{"term":34,"count":10},"育齡女性好發",[36,40,44,49,55,60],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-069","下列何種荷爾蒙分泌過多會導致康氏症候群（Conn’s syndrome）？",69,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":9,"session":28},"nurse-112-3-medical-surgical-005","有關巴金森氏症病人的自我照顧指導，下列敘述何者錯誤？",5,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":10},"nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-049","有關自動體外電擊去顫器（AED）操作，下列敘述何者錯誤？",49,113,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":54},"nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-047","由 119 救護車送來一位因車禍 OHCA（out of hospital cardiac arrest）的病人到急診，下列敘述何者正確？",47,114,2,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":10},"nurse-106-1-medical-surgical-051","在正常生理狀態下，下列何者為刺激呼吸中樞而影響呼吸之主要物質？",51,106,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":43,"year":63,"session":54},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-005","有關抗癲癇藥物 dilantin 之敘述，下列何者正確？",107,"2026-09-04",1788510742297]