[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-041":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-112-1-基礎醫學-041","nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-041",112,1,41,"有關細菌內毒素（endotoxin）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"可活化補體","可抑制宿主的發炎反應","可引起高燒","由死細菌分解而釋放出來","B",null,[],"本題考點在於細菌內毒素（endotoxin）的性質。錯誤敘述為 B「可抑制宿主的發炎反應」，實際上內毒素是強力的促發炎物質，會活化免疫細胞大量釋放發炎介質，故 B 錯誤而入選。考點在於確認其餘皆正確：A 內毒素可經替代途徑活化補體，正確；C 內毒素作用於下視丘引起發熱物質釋放而致高燒（屬外源性致熱原），正確；D 內毒素是革蘭氏陰性菌細胞壁的脂多醣（LPS），多在細菌死亡分解時釋出，正確。故唯有「抑制發炎」與內毒素促發炎本質相反。","內毒素＝LPS，其脂質 A 是毒性核心，透過 TLR4 觸發巨噬細胞釋放 TNF-α、IL-1、IL-6，大量時導致內毒素性休克與 DIC。對比外毒素為活菌主動分泌的蛋白、毒性專一。記憶點：內毒素「引火（促發炎、發燒、休克）」絕非滅火。可連結革蘭氏陰性菌敗血症與細胞激素風暴複習。",[25,27,29,31],{"term":26,"count":11},"細菌內毒素 endotoxin",{"term":28,"count":11},"脂多醣 LPS 促發炎",{"term":30,"count":11},"活化補體",{"term":32,"count":11},"外源性致熱原",[34,38,43,49,54,59],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-042","補體活化路徑中所產生的膜攻擊複合體（membrane attack complex）包含了下列何者？",42,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":42},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-038","使用口服 Levothyroxine 治療甲狀腺功能低下（hypothyroidism）時，併用下列何種口服藥物最會降低 Levothyroxine 吸收？",38,3,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":48},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-032","有關全身性麻醉劑 propofol，下列敘述何者正確？",32,113,2,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":42},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-030","下列何種疾病是因為 FGFR3 基因突變而造成侏儒症（dwarfism）？",30,114,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":48},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-004","下列頭顱骨骼，何者負責與頸椎形成關節？",4,106,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":41,"year":62,"session":48},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-038","急性酒精中毒最主要影響人體的何部位？",107,"2026-09-04",1788510740837]