[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":62},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-038":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":61},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-112-1-基礎醫學-038","nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-038",112,1,38,"下列何種藥物可降低腸道中水分的分泌，用於治療旅行時之腹瀉？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"Bismuth subsalicylate","Methylcellulose","Bisacodyl","Castor oil","A",null,[],"本題考點在於旅行者腹瀉的止瀉用藥機轉。次水楊酸鉍（Bismuth subsalicylate）具抗分泌與抗菌、抗發炎作用，能減少腸道水分與電解質的過度分泌，用於治療與預防旅行者腹瀉，故選 A。考點在於排除其他：B Methylcellulose 是膨脹性纖維瀉劑，吸水膨脹增加糞便體積，屬治療便秘；C Bisacodyl 是刺激性瀉劑，促進腸蠕動與分泌，會加重腹瀉；D Castor oil（蓖麻油）為刺激性瀉劑，同樣導瀉。三者皆為通便或導瀉方向，唯 Bismuth subsalicylate 為止瀉，故為答案。","Bismuth subsalicylate（如 Pepto-Bismol）機轉多元：水楊酸成分抑制前列腺素相關的腸道分泌、鉍具抗菌作用（對大腸桿菌與幽門螺旋桿菌）。副作用：舌苔與糞便暫時變黑。記憶點：止瀉「減少分泌」找 bismuth；名字帶 cellulose／bisacodyl／castor 多是通便。可連結旅行者腹瀉（常見致病原 ETEC）與止瀉藥 loperamide 比較複習。",[25,28,30,31],{"term":26,"count":27},"旅行者腹瀉",2,{"term":29,"count":27},"刺激性瀉劑",{"term":15,"count":11},{"term":32,"count":11},"抑制腸道分泌",[34,38,43,48,53,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-039","有關泌乳激素 prolactin 的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",39,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":42},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-035","非類固醇抗發炎藥物（NSAIDs）可以抑制下列何種酵素之活性，減少前列腺素生成，而產生解熱、鎮痛，以及抗發炎效果？",35,3,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":27},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-029","醛固酮分泌腺瘤（aldosterone-secreting adenoma）產生原發性醛固酮過多症（hyperaldosteronism）會造成下列那一種症候群？",29,113,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":42},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-027","燒瓶狀潰瘍（flask-shaped ulcer）的最可能致病原因為何？",27,114,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":11,"year":56,"session":27},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-001","皮膚上所見到的雞皮疙瘩現象，與下列何者較無關係？",106,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":41,"year":60,"session":27},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-035","關於糖尿病之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",107,"2026-09-04",1788510740801]